Mitundu ya flange

Monga tafotokozera kale, mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ya flange ASME B16.5 ndi: Welding Neck, Slip On, Socket Weld, Lap Joint, Threaded and Blind flange. Pansipa mudzapeza kufotokozera mwachidule ndi kutanthauzira kwa mtundu uliwonse, kumalizidwa ndi chithunzi chatsatanetsatane.

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya flange

Welding Neck flange

Welding Neck Flanges ndizosavuta kuzindikira pamalo otalikirapo, omwe amapita pang'onopang'ono mpaka makulidwe a khoma kuchokera ku chitoliro kapena koyenera.

Chipinda chotalikirapo chimakhala ndi chilimbikitso chofunikira kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kuthamanga kwambiri, sub-zero ndi / kapena kutentha kokwera. Kusintha kosalala kuchokera ku makulidwe a flange kupita ku chitoliro kapena makulidwe oyenera a khoma lopangidwa ndi taper ndikopindulitsa kwambiri, pansi pamikhalidwe yopindika mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa cha kukula kwa mzere kapena mphamvu zina zosinthika.

Ma flanges awa amatopa kuti agwirizane ndi m'mimba mwake mwa chitoliro chokwerera kapena cholumikizira kotero sipadzakhala choletsa kutuluka kwazinthu. Izi zimalepheretsa chipwirikiti pa olowa ndi kuchepetsa kukokoloka. Amaperekanso kugawa bwino kwa nkhawa kudzera pa tapered hub ndipo amajambulidwa mosavuta ndi ma radiograph kuti azindikire zolakwika.

Mtundu wa flange uwu udzakhala wowotcherera ku chitoliro kapena kulumikiza ndi kulowa kwathunthu, V weld (Buttweld).

Slip Pa flange

Mphamvu yowerengedwa kuchokera ku Slip On flange pansi pa kupanikizika kwa mkati ndi ya dongosolo la magawo awiri pa atatu a Welding Neck flanges, ndipo moyo wawo pansi pa kutopa uli pafupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a otsiriza.

Kulumikizana ndi chitoliro kumachitika ndi 2 fillet welds, komanso kunja komanso mkati mwa flange.

Miyezo ya X pachithunzichi, ndi pafupifupi:
Makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro + 3 mm.

Malowa ndi ofunikira, kuti asawononge nkhope ya flange, panthawi yowotcherera.

Choyipa cha flange ndichakuti, mfundo imeneyi nthawi zonse, choyamba, chitoliro chimayenera kuwotcherera, kenako chowotcha. Kuphatikiza kwa flange ndi chigongono kapena flange ndi tee sikutheka, chifukwa zolumikizira zotchulidwa zilibe mathero owongoka, kutsetsereka kokwanira mu Slip On flange.

Socket Weld flange

Socket Weld flanges poyambirira idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamapaipi ang'onoang'ono apamwamba kwambiri. Mphamvu zawo zosasunthika ndizofanana ndi Slip On flanges, koma kutopa kwawo ndi 50% kuposa ma Slip On flanges.

Kulumikizana ndi chitoliro kumachitika ndi 1 fillet weld, kunja kwa flange. Koma musanayambe kuwotcherera, danga liyenera kupangidwa pakati pa flange kapena cholumikizira ndi chitoliro.

ASME B31.1 1998 127.3 Kukonzekera Kuwotcherera (E) Socket Weld Assembly anati:
Pakuphatikizana kolumikizirana musanawotchere, chitoliro kapena chubu chimayikidwa mu socket mpaka kuya kwambiri kenako ndikuchotsedwa pafupifupi 1/16 ″ (1.6 mm) kutali ndi kulumikizana pakati pa kumapeto kwa chitoliro ndi phewa la socket.

Cholinga cha chilolezo chotsitsa pansi mu Socket Weld nthawi zambiri ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kotsalira pamizu ya weld yomwe ingachitike pakulimbitsa chitsulo chowotcherera. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa muyeso wa X wa kusiyana kokulirapo.

Choyipa cha flange ichi ndi cholondola kusiyana, komwe kumayenera kupangidwa. Ndi zinthu zowononga, ndipo makamaka mu kachitidwe ka zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ming'alu yapakati pa chitoliro ndi flange imatha kubweretsa zovuta za dzimbiri. Munjira zina flange iyi siyiloledwanso. Ine sindine katswiri pa nkhaniyi, koma pa intaneti, mudzapeza zambiri zokhudza mitundu ya dzimbiri.

Komanso pa flange iyi, mfundo imeneyi nthawi zonse poyamba chitoliro chiyenera kuwotcherera ndiyeno choyenerera.

Lap Joint flange

Lap Joint Flanges ali ndi miyeso yofananira ngati flange ina iliyonse yomwe imatchulidwa patsamba lino koma ilibe nkhope yokwezeka, idagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi "Lap Joint Stub End".

Ma flangeswa ali pafupifupi ofanana ndi Slip On flange kupatula utali wozungulira womwe umadutsana ndi nkhope ya flange ndi bore kuti agwirizane ndi gawo lopindika la Stub End.

Kukhoza kwawo kukakamiza kumakhala kochepa, ngati kuli bwino, kuposa kwa Slip On flanges ndipo moyo wotopa wa msonkhano ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a Welding Neck flanges.

Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta zonse ndipo zimapezeka mumitundu yonse. Ma flanges awa amazembera pamwamba pa chitoliro, ndipo samangiriridwa kapena kumangirizidwa mwanjira ina. Kuthamanga kwa bolting kumaperekedwa ku gasket ndi kukakamiza kwa flange kumbuyo kwa chitoliro (Stub End).

Lap Joint flanges ali ndi maubwino ena apadera:

• Ufulu woyendayenda mozungulira chitoliro umathandizira kulumikiza mabowo a flange otsutsana.
• Kupanda kukhudzana ndi madzimadzi mu chitoliro nthawi zambiri amalola ntchito yotsika mtengo mpweya zitsulo flanges ndi dzimbiri kugonjetsedwa chitoliro.
• M'makina omwe amakokoloka kapena kuwononga mwachangu, ma flanges amatha kupulumutsidwa kuti agwiritsidwenso ntchito.

Stub End

Mapeto a Stub nthawi zonse adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Lap Joint flange, ngati flange yothandizira.

Malumikizidwe a flangewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, m'machitidwe otsika komanso osafunikira, ndipo ndi njira yotsika mtengo yopangira.
Mu dongosolo lazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha carbon steel flange chingagwiritsidwe ntchito, chifukwa sichimakhudzana ndi mankhwala mu chitoliro.

Ma Stub End amapezeka pafupifupi ma diameter onse a chitoliro. Makulidwe ndi kulolerana kumatanthauzidwa mu ASME B.16.9 muyezo. Ma Stub Ends (zowonjezera) zosagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa kuwala amatanthauzidwa mu MSS SP43.

Ulusi wa flange

Ma Flanges a Threaded amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zapadera ndi mwayi wawo waukulu kuti akhoza kumangirizidwa ku chitoliro popanda kuwotcherera. Nthawi zina kuwotcherera chisindikizo kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito molumikizana ndi ulusi wolumikizira.

Ngakhale akadalipo m'makulidwe ambiri ndi kukakamizidwa, zowotchera masiku ano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi ang'onoang'ono.

Flange yokhala ndi ulusi kapena koyenera sikoyenera pa chitoliro chokhala ndi makulidwe ochepera a khoma, chifukwa kudula ulusi pa chitoliro sikutheka. Chifukwa chake, makulidwe okulirapo a khoma ayenera kusankhidwa…

ASME B31.3 Piping Guide anati:
Kumene chitoliro chachitsulo chimawomberedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito potumikira nthunzi pamwamba pa 250 psi kapena potumikira madzi pamwamba pa 100 psi ndi kutentha kwa madzi pamwamba pa 220° F, chitolirocho chizikhala chopanda msoko ndipo makulidwe ake azikhala osachepera 80 a ASME B36.10.

Akhungu flange

Ma Blind Flanges amapangidwa popanda kubowola ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka malekezero a mapaipi, ma Vavu ndi mipata yotsegulira zotengera.

Pankhani ya kupanikizika kwamkati ndi kukweza ma bawuti, ma flange akhungu, makamaka akulu akulu, ndi mitundu ya flange yomwe imapanikizika kwambiri.

Komabe, zambiri mwazovutazi ndi mitundu yopindika pafupi ndi chapakati, ndipo popeza mulibe muyezo mkati mwake, ma flanges awa ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri.