Vavu ndi chipangizo kapena chinthu chachilengedwe chomwe chimawongolera, kuwongolera kapena kuwongolera kutuluka kwamadzi (mipweya, zakumwa, zolimba zothira madzi, kapena slurries) potsegula, kutseka, kapena kutsekereza pang'ono njira zosiyanasiyana. Mavavu amapangidwa mwaukadaulo, koma nthawi zambiri amakambidwa ngati gulu losiyana. Mu valavu yotseguka, madzi amadzimadzi amayenda molunjika kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba kupita kupansi. Mawuwa amachokera ku Latin valva, gawo losuntha la chitseko, nalonso kuchokera ku volvere, kutembenuza, roll.

Valavu yosavuta kwambiri, komanso yakale kwambiri, imangokhala chopindika chomangika momasuka chomwe chimasunthika kuti chitsekeretse madzi (gasi kapena madzi) kupita mbali imodzi, koma amakankhidwira mmwamba ndi kutuluka komweko pamene kutuluka kwake kukuyenda kwina. Izi zimatchedwa cheki valve, chifukwa zimalepheretsa kapena "kuyang'ana" kuyenda kumbali imodzi. Mavavu owongolera amakono amatha kuwongolera kuthamanga kapena kuyenderera pansi ndikugwira ntchito pamakina apamwamba kwambiri.

Mavavu ali ndi ntchito zambiri, kuphatikiza kuwongolera madzi amthirira, ntchito zamafakitale pakuwongolera njira, zogwiritsidwa ntchito mnyumba monga kuyatsa / kuzimitsa ndi kuwongolera kupanikizika kwa mbale ndi zochapira zovala ndi matepi m'nyumba. Ngakhale zitini zopopera mpweya zimakhala ndi valavu yaing'ono yomangidwamo. Mavavu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magulu ankhondo ndi zoyendera. Mu ma ductwork a HVAC ndi mpweya wina wapafupi ndi mlengalenga, ma valve m'malo mwake amatchedwa dampers. M'makina a mpweya woponderezedwa, komabe, mavavu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri kukhala mavavu a mpira.
Mapulogalamu

Mavavu amapezeka pafupifupi m'mafakitale onse, kuphatikizapo kukonza madzi ndi zimbudzi, migodi, kupanga magetsi, kukonza mafuta, gasi ndi mafuta, kupanga chakudya, kupanga mankhwala ndi pulasitiki ndi zina zambiri.

Anthu a m’maiko otukuka amagwiritsira ntchito mavavu m’moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo mavavu opopera madzi a pampopi, mavavu owongolera mpweya pa zophika, mavavu ang’onoang’ono oikidwa m’makina ochapira ndi ochapira mbale, zida zotetezera zoikidwa m’madzi otentha, ndi mavavu a poppet m’galimoto. injini.

M’chilengedwe muli ma valve, mwachitsanzo ma valve a njira imodzi m’mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa kayendedwe ka magazi, ndi ma valve a mtima omwe amalamulira kutuluka kwa magazi m’zipinda za mtima ndi kusunga kapope koyenera.

Ma valve amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamanja, kaya ndi chogwirira, lever, pedal kapena gudumu. Mavavu amathanso kukhala odzichitira okha, motsogozedwa ndi kusintha kwa kuthamanga, kutentha, kapena kuyenda. Zosinthazi zimatha kuchitapo kanthu pa diaphragm kapena pisitoni yomwe imayendetsa valavu, zitsanzo za mtundu uwu wa valavu zomwe zimapezeka nthawi zambiri ndi ma valve otetezera omwe amaikidwa m'madzi otentha kapena ma boilers.

Makina owongolera ovuta kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito ma valve omwe amafunikira kuwongolera zokha kutengera zolowetsa zakunja (ie, kuwongolera kuyenda kudzera papaipi kupita kumalo osinthika) kumafuna actuator. An actuator idzagwedeza valavu kutengera momwe imalowetsedwera ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwake, kulola kuti valavu ikhale yolondola, ndikuloleza kuwongolera zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.
Kusintha

Mavavu amasiyana mosiyanasiyana mu mawonekedwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kukula [kosamveka bwino] kumayambira pa 0.1 mm mpaka 60 cm. Mavavu apadera amatha kukhala ndi mainchesi opitilira 5 metres. [ati?]

Mitengo ya mavavu imachokera ku mavavu otsika mtengo otayika kupita ku mavavu apadera omwe amawononga madola masauzande a US pa inchi imodzi ya valavu.

Mavavu otaya amatha kupezeka m'zinthu zapakhomo zodziwika bwino kuphatikiza zoperekera pampu mini ndi zitini za aerosol.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kofala kwa mawu akuti valavu kumatanthawuza ma valve a poppet omwe amapezeka mu injini zambiri zamakono zoyatsira mkati monga zomwe zili m'magalimoto ambiri oyendetsa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kusakaniza kwa mpweya wamafuta ndikulola mpweya wotuluka.
Mitundu

Mavavu ndi osiyanasiyana ndipo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo ofunikira. Mavavu amathanso kugawidwa motengera momwe amachitidwira:

Zopangidwa ndi Hydraulic
Mpweya
Pamanja
Valve ya Solenoid
Galimoto