Mfundo ya ntchito

Ntchitoyi ndi yofanana ndi ya valve ya mpira, yomwe imalola kutseka mwamsanga. Mavavu agulugufe nthawi zambiri amakondedwa chifukwa amawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa ma valve ena, ndipo ndi opepuka kotero amafunikira chithandizo chochepa. Chimbalecho chili pakatikati pa chitoliro. Ndodo imadutsa mu disc kupita ku actuator kunja kwa valve. Kuzungulira kwa actuator kutembenuza chimbalecho kukhala chofanana kapena chokhazikika pakuthamanga. Mosiyana ndi valavu ya mpira, diski imakhalapo nthawi zonse, choncho imayambitsa kutsika kwapakati, ngakhale itatseguka.

Vavu yagulugufe imachokera ku banja la mavavu otchedwamavavu a quarter-turn. Pogwira ntchito, valavu imatsegulidwa kwathunthu kapena yotsekedwa pamene diski imazungulira kotala. "Gulugufe" ndi diski yachitsulo yomwe imayikidwa pa ndodo. Vavu ikatsekedwa, diski imatembenuzidwa kotero kuti imatsekereza njirayo. Vavu ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu, diskiyo imazunguliridwa kotala kotala kotero kuti imalola kuti madzi azitha kuyenda mopanda malire. Valve imathanso kutsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti muchepetse kuthamanga.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavavu agulugufe, iliyonse yosinthidwa kuti igwirizane ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Vavu yagulugufe ya zero-offset, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kusinthasintha kwa mphira, imakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri. Valavu yagulugufe yogwira ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina apamwamba kwambiri, imachotsedwa pakati pa mpando wa disc ndi chisindikizo cha thupi (chochotsa chimodzi), ndi mzere wapakati wa bore (offset two). Izi zimapanga chochita cha cam panthawi yogwira ntchito kukweza mpando kuchokera pa chisindikizo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugundana kochepa kuposa momwe zimapangidwira pakupanga zero offset ndikuchepetsa chizolowezi chake kuvala. Vavu yoyenera kwambiri pamakina othamanga kwambiri ndi valavu yamagulugufe atatu. Mu valavu iyi chimbale mpando kukhudzana axis ndi offset, amene amachita pafupifupi kuthetsa kutsetsereka kukhudzana pakati pa chimbale ndi mpando. Pankhani ya katatu offset mavavu mpando wapangidwa ndi zitsulo kotero kuti akhoza machined monga kukwaniritsa kuwira zolimba kutseka-kutseka pamene anakumana ndi chimbale.

Mitundu

1. Mavavu agulugufe okhazikika - valavu yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mpando wokhazikika wa mphira wokhala ndi diski yachitsulo.
2. Ma valve agulugufe owirikiza kawiri (ma valve agulugufe apamwamba kwambiri kapena ma valve a butterfly-offset) - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pampando ndi disc.
3. Mavavu agulugufe atatu-eccentric (mavavu agulugufe atatu) - mipandoyo imakhala yopangidwa ndi laminated kapena chitsulo cholimba.

Valve yagulugufe wamtundu wa Wafer

Valavu yagulugufe yamtundu wa wafer idapangidwa kuti isunge chisindikizo motsutsana ndi kukakamiza kwa bi-directional kuti ateteze kubweza kulikonse m'makina opangidwa kuti aziyenda unidirectional. Imakwaniritsa izi ndi chisindikizo cholimba; mwachitsanzo, gasket, o-ring, makina olondola, ndi nkhope ya valve yosalala kumbali yakumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa valavu.

Valve yagulugufe wamtundu wa Lug

Mavavu amtundu wa Lug ali ndi ulusi wolowetsa mbali zonse za thupi la valve. Izi zimalola kuti akhazikitsidwe mudongosolo pogwiritsa ntchito ma seti awiri a mabawuti komanso opanda mtedza. Valavu imayikidwa pakati pa ma flanges awiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma bolt osiyana pa flange iliyonse. Kukhazikitsa uku kumapangitsa kuti mbali zonse za mapaipi azilumikizidwa popanda kusokoneza mbali inayo.

Vavu yagulugufe yamtundu wa lug yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chithandizo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kutsika kotsika. Mwachitsanzo, valavu yagulugufe yamtundu wa lug yomwe imayikidwa pakati pa ma flanges awiri imakhala ndi mphamvu ya 1,000 kPa (150psi). Vavu yomweyi yoyikidwa ndi flange imodzi, muntchito yomaliza, ili ndi 520 kPa (75 psi). Mavavu okhala ndi lugged amalimbana kwambiri ndi mankhwala ndi zosungunulira ndipo amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 200 ° C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yankho losunthika.

Valve yozungulira

Mavavu ozungulira amachokera ku ma valve agulugufe ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mafakitale opangira ufa. M’malo mokhala lathyathyathya, gulugufe ali ndi matumba. Ikatsekedwa, imakhala ngati valavu yagulugufe ndipo imakhala yothina. Koma ikakhala kasinthasintha, matumba amalola kugwetsa kuchuluka kwazinthu zolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa valavu kukhala yoyenera kuyika mankhwala ochulukirapo ndi mphamvu yokoka. Mavavu oterowo nthawi zambiri amakhala ang'onoang'ono (osakwana 300 mm), amayendetsedwa ndi pneumatically ndikuzungulira madigiri 180 mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo.

Gwiritsani ntchito m'makampani

M'mafakitale opanga mankhwala, mankhwala, ndi zakudya, valve ya butterfly imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusokoneza kayendedwe ka mankhwala (olimba, madzi, mpweya) mkati mwa njira. Mavavu agulugufe nthawi zambiri ankalowa m'malo mwa ma valve a mpira m'mafakitale ambiri, makamaka mafuta a petroleum, chifukwa chotsika mtengo komanso mosavuta kuikapo, koma mapaipi okhala ndi ma valve agulugufe sangathe 'kutsekedwa' kuti ayeretsedwe.

Mbiri

Vavu ya butterfly yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18. James Watt anagwiritsa ntchito valavu ya gulugufe muzojambula zake za injini ya nthunzi. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa zinthu zopanga zinthu ndi ukadaulo, mavavu agulugufe amatha kukhala ochepa ndikupirira kutentha kwambiri. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, zida zopangira mphira zidagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osindikizira, kulola kuti ma valve agulugufe agwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale ena ambiri. Mu 1969 James E. Hemphill adapereka chilolezo chosintha ma valve agulugufe, kuchepetsa torque ya hydrodynamic yofunikira kusintha matulutsidwe a valve.