Simbi Pipe uye Kugadzira Maitiro

Nhanganyaya

Kuuya kweiyo rolling mill tekinoroji uye budiriro yayo mukati mehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore regumi nepfumbamwe zvakare yakaziviswa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwechubhu nepombi. Pakutanga, mapepa akakungurutswa akaumbwa kuita denderedzwa remuchinjiko negadziriro yefunnel kana mipumburu, uyezve butt kana makumbo akasungwa mukupisa kumwe chete (forge welding process).

Nechokunopera kwezana ramakore, maitiro akasiyana akavepo ekugadzirwa kwechubhu isina musono uye pombi, nemavhoriyamu ekugadzira achiwedzera nekukurumidza munguva pfupi. Zvisinei nekushandiswa kwemamwe maitirwo ewelding, kuenderera mberi nekuvandudzika kwemaitiro asina musono kwakakonzera kuti welded chubhu iite zvekusundirwa kunze kwemusika, zvichikonzera kuti isina musono chubhu nepombi zvakatonga kusvika Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri.

Munguva yakatevera, mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa mune welding tekinoroji yakakonzera kusimuka kwehupfumi hwechubhu yakashongedzwa, nebasa rekusimudzira rinowedzera rakazotevera uye kupararira kwakawanda kwematanho akawanda echubhu welding. Parizvino, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvekugadzirwa kwesimbi chubhu pasi rose zvinoverengerwa nemaitiro ekugadzira. Panhamba iyi, zvisinei, chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvina chinotora chimiro cheanodaidzwa kuti hombe-dhayamita mutsara wepombi muhukuru siyana kunze kweiyo inogoneka mune zvehupfumi mukugadzira isina musono chubhu nepombi.

Tsananguro yeGerman inopenya…ndinovimba unonzwisisa zvinotaurwa uye zvinoratidzwa nemutauri (-:

Seamless Tube uye Pipe

Iyo huru isina musono machubhu ekugadzira maitiro akave pakupera kwezana ramakore regumi nepfumbamwe. Sezvo kodzero dzepatent nedzemuridzi dzakapera, zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofambirana zvakatanga kuitwa zvakava zvishoma uye nhanho dzekuumba munhu mumwe nemumwe dzakabatanidzwa kuita maitiro matsva. Nhasi, mamiriro ehunyanzvi akakura kusvika padanho rekuda kupihwa kune anotevera emazuva ano maitiro ekuita kwepamusoro:

Iyo inoenderera mberi mandrel rolling process uye iyo push bhenji maitiro muhukuru siyana kubva approx. 21 kusvika 178 mm kunze kwedhayamita.

Iyo yakawanda-stand plug mill (MPM) ine inodzorwa (yakamanikidzwa) inoyangarara mandrel bar uye iyo plug mill process muhukuru kubva paapprox. 140 kusvika 406 mm kunze kwedhayamita.

The cross roll piercing and pilger rolling process mu size range kubva approx. 250 kusvika 660 mm kunze kwedhayamita.

Mandrel Mill Process

MuMandrel Mill Process, denderedzwa rakasimba (billet) rinoshandiswa. Inodziiswa muchoto inotenderera ichipisa choto uye yobva yabayiwa nemuboora. Iyo pierced billet kana hollow shell inokungurutswa ne mandrel mill kuderedza kunze dhayamita nekukora kwemadziro izvo zvinoumba hurefu hwaamai chubhu. Iyo mai chubhu inodziiswa zvakare uye inoderedzwa kusvika kune yakatsanangurwa zviyero neyakatambanudza inoderedza. Iyo chubhu inozotonhodzwa, kutemwa, kutwasanudzwa uye kuiswa pasi pekupedzisa uye kuongororwa maitiro ekutumira.

* Cherechedza: Maitiro akamakwa neasterisk anoitwa zvakatemwa uye / kana zvinodiwa nevatengi

Mannesmann plug mill process

Plug Mill Process, denderedzwa rakasimba (billet) rinoshandiswa. Inodziiswa zvakafanana muchoto chinotenderedza moto ichipisa chobva chabayiwa nemuboora Mannesmann. Iyo yakaboorwa billet kana hollow shell yakaderedzwa kunze kwedhayamita uye kukora kwemadziro. Iyo chubhu yakakungurutswa panguva imwe cheteyo yakapiswa mukati nekunze nemuchina unotenderedza. Iyo reeled chubhu inozosimudzwa nesaizi mill kune yakatsanangurwa zviyero. Kubva padanho iri chubhu inopinda nemuchinatsiridza. Iyi nzira inopedzisa kushanda kunopisa kwechubhu. Iyo chubhu (inonzi amai chubhu) mushure mekupedza nekuongorora, inova chigadzirwa chakapedzwa.

Welded Tube uye Pipe

Kubva zvave kugona kugadzira mitsetse nendiro, vanhu vagara vachiedza kupeta zvinhu uye kubatanidza mipendero yayo kuti vagadzire chubhu nepombi. Izvi zvakakonzera kugadzirwa kwechinyakare-welding process, iyo yeforge-welding, iyo inodzokera kumashure anopfuura 150 makore.

Muna 1825, muBritish ironware mutengesi James Whitehouse akapiwa patent yekugadzira pombi yakakandwa. Kuita kwacho kwaisanganisira kugadzira marata esimbi pamusoro pemandrel kuti ibudise pombi yakavhurika, uyezve kudziyisa mipendero yekubatanidza yemusono wakashama uye woabatanidza nekuadzvanya pamwe chete mubhenji rekudhirowa.

Iyo tekinoroji yakashanduka kusvika padanho rekuti strip inogona kuumbwa uye yakasungwa mune imwe pass muchoto chemoto. Kuvandudzwa kweiyi butt-welding concept yakaguma muna 1931 muFretz-Moon process yakagadzirwa naJ. Moon, wekuAmerica, nemumwe wake wekuGerman Fretz.

Mitsetse yewelding inoshandisa nzira iyi ichiri kushanda zvinobudirira nhasi mukugadzirwa kwechubhu kusvika kunze kwemadhayamita e approx. 114 mm. Kunze kweiyi hot pressure welding technique, umo tambo inodziiswa muchoto kusvika kune welding tembiricha, mamwe maitiro akati wandei akagadzirwa neAmerican E. Thomson pakati pemakore 1886 na1890 zvichiita kuti simbi dzive nemagetsi. Hwaro hweizvi hwakanga huri pfuma yakawanikwa naJames P. Joule apo kupfuudza magetsi kuburikidza nekondukita kunokonzera kupisa nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo magetsi.

Muna 1898, Standard Tool Company, USA, yakapiwa patent inovhara kushandiswa kwemagetsi kuramba welding pakugadzira chubhu nepombi. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ekupikisa welded chubhu uye pombi kwakawana kukwidziridzwa kwakanyanya muUnited States, uye gare gare muGermany, zvichitevera kugadzwa kwezvigayo zvinogara zvichipisa zvinotenderedza kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvekutanga zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwakakura. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, argon arc welding process yakagadzirwa - zvakare muUnited States - iyo yakagonesa kukwenenzverwa kwemagesium mukuvaka ndege.

Nekuda kwebudiriro iyi, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakavharidzirwa negasi dzakagadzirwa, kunyanya dzekugadzirwa kwesimbi isina tsvina. Zvichitevera zviitiko zvinosvika kure zvakaitika muchikamu chemagetsi mumakore makumi matatu apfuura, uye kuvakwa kwakakura. -kugona kureba-kure mapaipi, iyo yakanyura-arc welding process yawana chinzvimbo chepre-eminence kune welding yemutsetse pombi yedhayamita kumusoro kwe approx. 500 mm.

Electric Weld Pipe Mill

Steel strip mucoil, iyo yakachekwa muhupamhi hunodiwa kubva kune yakakura tambo, inoumbwa nenhevedzano yekugadzira mipumburu kuita yakawanda kureba goko. Iyo longitudinal mipendero inoramba ichibatanidzwa nepamusoro frequency kuramba / induction welding.
Iyo weld yedeko rakareba rinobva rabatwa musoro nemagetsi, kukura uye kuchekwa kusvika pakureba kwakatarwa nemuchina unobhururuka wekucheka-cheka. Iyo pombi yakachekwa inotwasanudzwa uye yakaenzana kumativi ose maviri.
Aya maitiro anoteverwa ne ultrasonic inspection kana hydrostatic test.