Ho fumana khokahanyo ea flange e sa lutleng, ho hlokahala hore ho kenngoe gasket e nepahetseng, liboutu li behoe ka tsitsipano e nepahetseng ea bolt, 'me matla a bolt kaofela a tlameha ho aroloa ka ho lekana holim'a sefahleho sohle sa flange.

Ka Torque Tightening (ts'ebeliso ea ho jara pele ho sehatsetsi ka ho fetola nut ea fastener) tsitsipano e nepahetseng ea bolt e ka phethahala.

Ho tiisa bolt ka nepo ho bolela ho sebelisa thepa ea elastic hantle ea bolt. Hore bolt e sebetse hantle, e tlameha ho sebetsa joalo ka seliba. Ts'ebetsong, ts'ebetso ea ho tiisa e fana ka tsitsipano ea axial pele ho mojaro holim'a bolt. Moroalo ona oa tsitsipano ehlile o lekana ebile o fapane le matla a khatello a sebelisitsoeng ho likarolo tse kopaneng. E ka bitsoa "moroalo o tiisang" kapa "moroalo oa tsitsipano"

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Wrench ea torque

Torque Wrench ke lebitso le akaretsang bakeng sa sesebelisoa sa ho screwing se tataisoang ka letsoho, 'me se sebelisetsoa ho beha ka nepo matla a ho tiisa joalo ka nate kapa bolt. E lumella opareitara hore a lekanye matla a ho potoloha (torque) a sebelisitsoeng ho bolt e le hore a ka bapisa le litlhaloso.

Wrench ea letsoho le ea haeteroliki

Khetho ea mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho tiisa bolt ea flange e hloka boiphihlelo. Tšebeliso e atlehileng ea mokhoa leha e le ofe o boetse o hloka ho tšoaneleha ha lisebelisoa tse tla sebelisoa le basebetsi ba tla etsa mosebetsi. Se latelang se akaretsa mekhoa e sebelisoang haholo ea ho tiisa bolt ea flange.

• Wrench ea Manual
• Wrench ea Tšusumetso
• Wrench ea Hammer
• Wrench ea Hydraulic Torque
• Manual Beam le Gear-Assisted Torque Wrench
• Hydraulic Bolt Tensioner

Ho lahleheloa ke torque

Tahlehelo ea torque e teng ka har'a lenonyeletso lefe kapa lefe. Liphello tse kopantsoeng tsa ho phomola ha bolt, (hoo e ka bang 10% nakong ea lihora tse 24 tsa pele ka mor'a ho kenngoa), ho phalla ha gasket, ho sisinyeha ha tsamaiso, ho atolosoa ha mocheso le ho sebelisana ha elastic nakong ea ho tiisa bolt ho kenya letsoho ho lahleheloa ke torque. Ha tahlehelo ea torque e fihla ho feteletseng, khatello ea ka hare e feta matla a hatellang a tšoereng gasket sebakeng 'me ho na le ho lutla kapa ho phatloha.

Senotlolo sa ho fokotsa litlamorao tsena ke ho kenya gasket ka nepo. Ka ho kopanya li-flanges butle-butle le ho bapisa ha u kenya gasket le ho nka bonyane liphasete tse 'nè tsa ho tiisa bolt, ho latela tatellano e nepahetseng ea ho tiisa bolt, ho na le moputso oa litšenyehelo tse fokotsehileng tsa tlhokomelo le polokeho e eketsehileng.

Botenya bo nepahetseng ba gasket le bona bo bohlokoa. Ha gasket e le motenya, ho na le khase e ntseng e phahama, e leng eona e ka bakang tahlehelo ea torque. Ho li-flange tsa sefahleho tse phahamisitsoeng tsa ASME hangata ho khothaletsoa gasket e teteaneng ea 1.6 mm. Lisebelisoa tsa gasket tse tšesaane li ka nka mojaro o phahameng oa gasket mme ka hona likhatello tse phahameng tsa kahare.

Lubrication e fokotsa khohlano

Lubrication e fokotsa likhohlano nakong ea ho tiisa, e fokotsa ho hloleha ha bolt nakong ea ho kenya le ho eketsa bophelo ba bolt. Phapang ea li-coefficients tsa likhohlano e ama palo ea phallo ea pele e fihletsoeng ka torque e itseng. Khohlano e phahameng e etsa hore torque e fokotsehe hore e jale pele. Boleng ba coefficient ea khohlano e fanoeng ke moetsi oa lubricant e tlameha ho tsejoa ho theha ka nepo boleng ba torque e hlokahalang.

Metsoako ea setlolo kapa e thibelang ho ts'oaroa e lokela ho sebelisoa ka bobeli holim'a linate le likhoele tsa banna.

Tatelano e tiisang

Phase ea pele, hanyenyane tiisa bolt ea pele ebe u tsamaea ka kotloloho kapa likhato tse 180 bakeng sa bolt ea bobeli, ebe u suthela1/4 ho potoloha selikalikoe kapa likhato tse 90 bakeng sa bolt ea boraro ebe u tšela ea bone ka kotloloho. Tsoela pele tatellano ena ho fihlela liboutu tsohle li tiisitsoe.
Ha u tiisa flange ea libolt tse 'nè, sebelisa mohlala oa criss-cross.

Tatelano e tiisang

Ho itokisa flange bolt-up

Ka khokahanyo ea flanged, likarolo tsohle li tlameha ho nepahala ho fihlela tiiso. Lebaka le tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa la ho lutla ha manonyeletso a gasketed ke mekhoa e sa lokelang ea ho kenya.

Pele o qala ts'ebetso ea bolting, mehato e latelang ea pele e tla qoba mathata a tlang:

• Hloekisa lifahleho tsa flange 'me u hlahlobe maqeba; lifahleho li tlameha ho hloeka 'me li se na sekoli (li-burrs, likoti, likoti, joalo-joalo).
• Hlahloba ka mahlo liboutu tsohle le linate bakeng sa likhoele tse senyehileng kapa tse bolileng. Tlosa kapa u lokise liboutu kapa linate ha ho hlokahala.
• Tlosa li-burrs likhoeleng tsohle.
• Lubricate likhoele tsa bolt kapa stud, 'me bokaholimo ba linate bo bapile le flange kapa washer. Li-washer tse thata li khothaletsoa lits'ebetsong tse ngata.
• Kenya gasket e ncha 'me u netefatse hore gasket e tsepamisitsoe hantle. U SE KE UA SEBELISA GAsket ea khale, kapa ua sebelisa li-gasket tse MANGATA.
• Sheba tekano ea flange ASME B31.3 Ts'ebetso ea Piping:
  ... lifahleho tsa flange li tlameha ho bapa ka har'a 1/16" ka leoto la bophara, 'me masoba a flange a tlameha ho tsamaisana le ka hare ho 1/8″ boholo ba offset.
• Fetola boemo ba linate ho netefatsa hore likhoele tse 2-3 li bonahala ka holimo ho linate.

Ho sa tsotelehe hore na ho sebelisoa mokhoa ofe oa ho tiisa, licheke le litokisetso li tlameha ho etsoa kamehla.

Maikutlo a sengoli…

Phihlelo ea ka ka…Torque Wrenches

• Nakong e fetileng ke bokelletse likhokahano tse makholo tsa flange tse sa lutlang, ho tloha ho NPS 1/2 ho ea ho NPS 24 le ho feta. Ke ka seoelo ke sebelisitseng Torque Wrench.
  Ha e le hantle, likhokahano tsa liphaephe tse "tloaelehileng" ha li mohla li kopantsoeng le Torque Wrench. Likhokahano tse thata ka ho fetisisa ho 'na kamehla e ne e le "ba banyenyane"' me haholo-holo mofuta o phahamisitsoeng oa sefahleho ka holimo ho Sehlopha sa 300 (RF Height = hoo e ka bang 6.4 mm).
  Relationable lifahleho flange ho tloha NPS 1/2 flange tse nyenyane ka nako eo ka mohlala NPS 6 flange, le monyetla oa ho misalignment, ka pono ea ka e kholoanyane haholo.
  Ka ts'ebetso ke kopana le likhokahano tsa flange khafetsa, moo ho lokisoa ha se moeling oa mamello. Haeba feela tatellano ea Ts'ebetso ea Tightening e lateloa Mechanic ha e sebetse hantle. Mohlomong e tlameha ho qala ka bolt six ho fapana le bolt e le 'ngoe. Sebelisa mahlo a hau nakong ea kopano ea flange, e bohlokoa haholo ebile e kenya letsoho haholo khokahanong e sa luleng

Likhokahano tse fosahetseng tsa flange - liboutu li khuts'oane haholo!

U ka etsa’ng?

• Setšoantšo se bonts'a flange e sa lokelang, hobane li-bolts tse peli li khutšoanyane haholo, 'me linate ha li na ka ho feletseng libotlolong. Sena se bolela hore lenonyeletso le ka 'na la se be matla kamoo le lokelang ho ba kateng. Li-flange li entsoe e le hore motsoako oohle oa nut-bolt o tšoare matla a flange. Haeba nate e kentsoe boutu hanyane, khokahano e kanna ea se be matla ka ho lekana.
• Haeba mosebetsi oa hau o kenyelletsa ho kopanya lisebelisoa, ho kopanya liphaephe tse nang le liphaephe, likhurumetso tsa likoti kapa likhokahano tse ling tse kenngoeng ka liboutu holim'a thepa, kapa ho kopanya lisebelisoa tse ling, hopola hore mosebetsi ha oa phetheha ho fihlela liboutu kaofela li kentsoe hantle le ho tiisetsoa.
• Lisebelisoa tse ling li hloka mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho tiisa bolt. Ka mohlala, u ka 'na ua tlameha ho sebelisa mochine oa torque ho tiisa liboutu ka mokhoa o nepahetseng, kapa ho tiisa liboutu ka tatellano e khethehileng. Etsa bonnete ba hore u latela mokhoa o nepahetseng, sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng, le hore u koetlisitsoe ka mokhoa o nepahetseng tsamaisong ea ho kopanya lisebelisoa.
• Sheba liphaephe le lisebelisoa bakeng sa li-flange tse koetsoeng hantle e le karolo ea tlhahlobo ea polokeho ea semela sa hau. E le tataiso e bonolo, liboutu tse sa feteleng ka nģ'ane ho linate li lokela ho hlahlojoa ke setsebi sa lipeipi tsa limela kapa moenjiniere.
• Haeba u bona li-flange tse sa lokisoang ka liboutu ka har'a semela sa hau, li tlalehe e le hore li ka lokisoa, 'me u netefatse hore litokiso tse hlokahalang li phethiloe.
• Lekola thepa e ncha, kapa thepa e nchafalitsoeng ka mor'a tokiso, ho etsa bonnete ba hore e kopanngoe hantle le ho boutuoa hantle pele e qala.

Bolelele bo nepahetseng ba Stud Bolt ke bofe?
E le molao, u ka sebelisa: Likhoele tse sa lefelloeng tsa bolt ka holim'a tlhōrō ea linate li lekana le makhetlo a 1/3 bophara ba bolt.