Intshayelelo kwiivalvu zokutywinwa koxinzelelo
Iivalve zetywina loxinzelelo
Ulwakhiwo lwetywina loxinzelelo lwamkelwa kwiiValve zenkonzo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kwe-170 bar. Isici esikhethekileyo malunga ne-Bonnet ye-pressure seal kukuba i-body-Bonnet joints seals iphucula njengoko uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwiValve lukhula, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izakhiwo apho ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kuthanda ukudala ukuvuza kwi-joint body-Bonnet.
Uyilo lwetywina loxinzelelo
- A / B - Ukutyekela kwebhonethi ukunyuka okanye ukuhla njengoko uxinzelelo lutshintsha
- C – Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo
- D - Ukutywinwa kwamandla ngenxa yoxinzelelo
Ukuphakama koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, kokukhona amandla okutywina. Ukuqhawulwa ngokulula kwenziwa ukuba kwenzeke ngokulahla indibano yeBonnet kumngxuma womzimba kunye nokukhupha amakhonkco okutyhalela amacandelo amane ngokusebenzisa isikhonkwane sokutyhala.
Ukuxhomekeka kwimithetho-siseko yoyilo olulula, itywina loxinzelelo Iivalvu zibonakalise amandla azo okuphatha ifosili eyandayo kunye nezicelo zokuhlukaniswa komphunga ezidityanisiweyo, njengoko abayili beqhubeka nokutyhala ibhoyila, i-HRSG, kunye noxinzelelo lwenkqubo yemibhobho/iimvulophu zobushushu. IiVavali zokutywinwa koxinzelelo ziqhelekile kuluhlu lwesayizi ukusuka kwi-intshi ezi-2 ukuya kwi-intshi ezingama-24 kunye neeklasi zoxinzelelo ze-ASME B16.34 ukusuka kwi- #600 ukuya kwi- #2500, nangona abanye abavelisi banokuhlangabezana nesidingo seedayamitha ezinkulu kunye nemilinganiselo ephezulu yezicelo ezizodwa.
Iivalvu zetywina loxinzelelo ziyafumaneka kwiimpawu ezininzi ze-material ezifana ne-A105 efojiweyo kunye ne-Gr.WCB cast, i-alloy F22 forged kunye ne-Gr.WC9 cast; F11 forged kunye Gr.WC6 cast, austenitic stainless F316 forged kunye Gr.CF8M cast; ngaphezu kwe-500 ° C, i-F316H ye-forged kunye namabanga afanelekileyo austenitic cast.
Ingqikelelo yoyilo lwetywina loxinzelelo inokulandwa emva kwiminyaka yoo-1900s, xa, ujongene noxinzelelo oluhlala lukhula kunye namaqondo obushushu (ikakhulu kwizicelo zamandla), abavelisi beValve baqala ukuyila iindlela ezizezinye zendlela yeBonnet yesiqhelo yokutywina umzimba / iBonnet joint. . Kunye nokubonelela ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokutywinwa komda woxinzelelo, uninzi loyilo lweValve yoxinzelelo lwetywina lunobunzima obungaphantsi kakhulu kunoogxa babo beBonnet Valve ebholithiweyo.
Iibhonethi eziBolted vs
Ukuqonda ngcono ingqikelelo yoyilo lwetywina loxinzelelo, masithelekise indlela yokutywina yomzimba ukuya kwi-Bonnet phakathi kweBonethi ebholitiweyo kunye nokutywinwa koxinzelelo.Umzobo 1ibonisa ivalve yeBolted Bonnet eqhelekileyo. I-flange yomzimba kunye ne-Bonnet flange idityaniswe zizikhonkwane kunye namandongomane, kunye ne-gasket yoyilo / imathiriyeli efanelekileyo efakwe phakathi kobuso beflange ukwenza lula ukutywinwa. I-Studs / nuts / bolts ziqinisiwe kwiitorque ezimiselweyo kwipatheni echazwe ngumenzi ukuchaphazela ukutywinwa ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lukhula, amandla okuvuza ngomzimba / iBonnet joint nawo ayanda.
Ngoku makhe sijonge idibaniso yetywina yoxinzelelo echazwe kuyoUmzobo 2Qaphela iiyantlukwano kumzimba ochaphazelekayo / ulungelelwaniso lwebhonethi edibeneyo. Uninzi loyilo lwetywina loxinzelelo lubandakanya "iibholithi zokuthatha iBonnet" ukutsalela iBonnet phezulu kwaye itywine ngokuchasene negasket yoxinzelelo. Oku kwenza itywina phakathi kwegasket kunye nedia yangaphakathi (ID) yomzimba wevalvu.
Iringi yokutyhala ecandiweyo igcina umthwalo. Ubuhle boyilo lwetywina loxinzelelo kukuba njengoko uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lukhula, kunjalo nomthwalo kwiBonnet kwaye, ngokuhambelanayo, igasket yetywina yoxinzelelo. Ke ngoko, kwiiValve zetywina loxinzelelo, njengoko uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lusanda, amandla okuvuza ngomzimba / iBonnet joint iyancipha.
Le ndlela yoyilo ineengenelo ezahlukileyo ngaphezu kweeValve zeBonnet ezibolithiweyo kumphunga oyintloko, amanzi okutya, i-iturbine bypass, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zeplanti yamandla ezifuna iiValuvu ezinokusingatha imingeni ekhoyo kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nosetyenziso lobushushu.
Kodwa ekuhambeni kweminyaka, njengoko uxinzelelo/ubushushu bokusebenza busanda, kunye nokufika kwezityalo ezikhula ngamandla, olu xinzelelo lwenkqubo yethutyana lufanayo oluncede ekutywineni luphinde lwadlala isiphithiphithi ngoxinzelelo lwetywina oludibeneyo lwengqibelelo.
IiGaskets zokutywinwa koxinzelelo
Enye yezinto eziphambili ezibandakanyekayo ekutywineni iValve yoxinzelelo lwe-valve yi-gasket ngokwayo. Iigaskets zokutywinwa kwangaphambili zenziwe ngentsimbi okanye intsimbi ethambileyo. Ezi gaskets emva koko zatyalwa ngesilivere ukuze kuthatyathwe ithuba lezinto ezithambileyo zokwaleka ukunika itywina eliqina ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olusetyenzisiweyo ngexesha le-Valve's hydrotest, "iseti" (okanye i-deformation yeprofayili ye-gasket) phakathi kweBonnet kunye ne-gasket yathathwa. Ngenxa yokuthathwa kwebholithi yendalo yeBonnet kunye noxinzelelo lwetywina oludibeneyo, amandla okuba iBonnet ishukume kwaye yaphule eso "seti" xa iphantsi koxinzelelo lwenkqubo yonyuka/ukuncipha ibikhona, kunye nokuvuza kwelungu lomzimba/iBonnet isiphumo.
Le ngxaki inokungahoywa ngokufanelekileyo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo “yokugutyungelwa kushushu” iibholithi zokuthatha iBonnet emva koxinzelelo lwenkqubo kunye nokulingana kwamaqondo obushushu, kodwa ifuna umnini/ugcino lwabasebenzi ukuba benze njalo emva kokuqaliswa kwesityalo. Ukuba lo mkhuba awuzange uthotyelwe, amandla okuvuza ngomzimba/ibhonethi edibeneyo ibikhona, enokuthi yonakalise i-gasket yetywina yoxinzelelo, iBonnet kunye/okanye i-ID yomzimba weValve, kunye nokudala iingxaki ezidityanisiweyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. ukuvuza komphunga kunokubakho kwimisebenzi yezityalo. Ngenxa yoko, abaqulunqi beValve bathatha amanyathelo amaninzi ukulungisa le ngxaki.
Umzobo wesi-2 ubonisa indibaniselwano yeebholithi zokuthatha i-Bonnet ehlala ilayishiwe (ngaloo ndlela igcina umthwalo oqhubekayo kwi-gasket, ukunciphisa ukuvuza okunokwenzeka) kunye nokutshintshwa kwentsimbi / intsimbi ethambileyo, i-silverplated seal gasket kunye neyenziwe nge-die- yenziwe igraphite. Uyilo lwe-gasket oluboniswe kuMzobo 3 lunokufakwa kwi-Valve yesitywina soxinzelelo ngaphambili ebonelelwe nge-gasket yohlobo lwemveli. Ukufika kweegaskiti zegraphite kuqinise ngakumbi ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kweValve yoxinzelelo lwetywina kwizicelo ezininzi kunye nakwimijikelo yokuqalisa / yokuyeka yonke imihla.
Nangona abavelisi abaninzi besancoma “i-torquing eshushu,” amandla okuvuza xa oku kungenziwa ancipha kakhulu. Imiphezulu yokuhlala kwitywina loxinzelelo Iivalvu, njengakwiplanti yamandla amaninzi iiValves, ziphantsi, ngokuthelekisayo, imithwalo yezihlalo ephezulu kakhulu. Ukunyaniseka kwesihlalo kugcinwa njengomsebenzi wokunyamezelwa komatshini oqinileyo kumacandelo ecandelo, iindlela zokubonelela ngetorque efunekayo ukuze uvule/uvale njengomsebenzi wegiya okanye ukusebenza, kunye nokukhetha / ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwindawo yokuhlala.
I-cobalt, i-nickel, kunye ne-iron-based hardfacing alloys zisetyenziselwa ukuxhathisa ukunxitywa kwe-wedge / idiskhi kunye neendawo zokuhlala zokuhlala. Ezona zisetyenziswa zizixhobo ze-CoCr-A (umz., iStellite). Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziswe ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ezibandakanya i-arc yensimbi ekhuselekileyo, i-arc yensimbi yegesi, i-gas tungsten arc, kunye ne-plasma (edluliselwe) i-arc. Iivalve ezininzi zoxinzelelo lweGlobe ziyilelwe ukuba zibenezihlalo ezidityanisiweyo ezinobuso obuqinileyo, ngelixa iValve yeSango kunye neeValve zokuHlola ziqhelekile ukuba namakhonkco ezitulo eziqinileyo ezidityaniswe kumzimba weValve.
Isigama sokuvalwa
Ukuba uye wajongana ne-valve ngalo nabuphi na ubude bexesha, uye waqaphela ukuba abavelisi beValve abanakuyila ngokugqithisileyo imiqathango kunye nolwimi lwenkobe olusetyenziswa kwishishini. Thatha umzekelo, "iiValve zeBonnet ezitshixiwe." Umzimba ubotshelelwe kwiBonnet ukugcina ingqibelelo yenkqubo. Kwi "Valve yetywina yoxinzelelo," uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lunceda indlela yokutywina. Kwi "Stop / Check Valves," xa i-valve stem ikwindawo evaliweyo, ukuhamba kumiswe ngomatshini, kodwa xa kwindawo evulekileyo, i-disc ikhululekile ukuba isebenze ukujonga ukuguqulwa kokuhamba. Lo mgaqo mnye usebenza kwezinye isigama esisetyenziselwa ukuyila, kunye neentlobo zeValve kunye namacandelo azo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-11-2020