Intshayelelo kwi-Valve Actuators
IiActuators zeValve
I-valve actuator ikhethwa ngokusekelwe kwinani lezinto ezibandakanya i-torque efunekayo ukuze kusebenze ivalve kunye nesidingo sokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo. Iintlobo zee-activators ziquka i-handwheel, i-lever manual, i-motor motor, i-pneumatic, i-solenoid, i-hydraulic piston, kunye ne-self-actuated. Zonke ii-actuators ngaphandle kwe-handwheel kunye ne-lever ziyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa ne-automatic actuation.
I-Manual, Fixed, kunye ne-Hammer Actuators
Ii-actuator ezenziwe ngezandla ziyakwazi ukubeka ivalve kuyo nayiphi na indawo kodwa ayikuvumeli ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo. Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwe actuator yomatshini livili lesandla. Olu hlobo lubandakanya amavili ezandla agxininiswe kwisiqu, ihammer handwheels, kunye namavili esandla aqhagamshelwe kwisiqu ngegiya.
Handwheels Fixed to Stem
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso kumavili esandla asekunene agxininiswe kwisiqu abonelela kuphela ngenzuzo yomatshini wevili. Xa ezi zivalo zisesichengeni sobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza, ukubopha ivalvu kwenza umsebenzi ube nzima.
IHammer Handwheel
Njengoko kubonisiwe emfanekisweni, isondo lehamile lesandla lihamba ngokukhululekileyo kwinxalenye yokujika kwalo kwaye libethe kwilugi kwivili lesibini. Ivili lesibini lincanyathiselwe kwisiqu sevalve. Ngolu lungelelaniso, ivalve inokuvulwa ukuba ivalwe ngokungqongqo okanye ivuleke ukuba ivaleleke ivale.
Ibhokisi yeGear eSebenziswa ngesandla
Ukuba uncedo olongezelelweyo lomatshini luyimfuneko kwivalve esebenza ngesandla, ibhonethi yevalve ifakelwe iintloko zegiya ezisebenza ngesandla njengoko kubonisiwe emfanekisweni. Isitshixo esikhethekileyo okanye ivili lesandla elidityaniswe kwishafti yephini livumela umntu omnye ukuba asebenzise ivalve xa abantu ababini benokufuneka ngaphandle koncedo lwegiya. Ngenxa yokuba ukujika okuningana kwepiniyoni kuyimfuneko ukuvelisa ukujika okunye kwesikhondo sevalve, ixesha lokusebenza kweevalvu ezinkulu lide kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kweenjini zomoya eziphathwayo ezidityaniswe kwi-pinion shaft kunciphisa ixesha lokusebenza kwevalve.
Ibhokisi yeGear eSebenziswa ngesandla
Ukuba uncedo olongezelelweyo lomatshini luyimfuneko kwivalve esebenza ngesandla, ibhonethi yevalve ifakelwe iintloko zegiya ezisebenza ngesandla njengoko kubonisiwe emfanekisweni. Isitshixo esikhethekileyo okanye ivili lesandla elidityaniswe kwishafti yephini livumela umntu omnye ukuba asebenzise ivalve xa abantu ababini benokufuneka ngaphandle koncedo lwegiya. Ngenxa yokuba ukujika okuningana kwepiniyoni kuyimfuneko ukuvelisa ukujika okunye kwesikhondo sevalve, ixesha lokusebenza kweevalvu ezinkulu lide kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kweenjini zomoya eziphathwayo ezidityaniswe kwi-pinion shaft kunciphisa ixesha lokusebenza kwevalve.
IiMbane zeMoto zoMbane
Iinjini zombane zivumela incwadi, i-semi-automatic, kunye nokusebenza okuzenzekelayo kwevalve. IiMotor zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimisebenzi evaliweyo, nangona zilungelelanisa ukubeka ivalve kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokuvula njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi. I-motor idla ngokuba, ibuyela umva, uhlobo lwesantya esiphezulu esidityaniswe ngololiwe wegiya ukunciphisa isantya semoto kwaye ngokwenjenjalo sonyusa itorque kwisiqu. Isalathiso sokujikeleza kwemoto simisela icala lentshukumo yedisk.
I-actuation yombane inokuba yi-semi-automatic, njengaxa i-motor iqalwa yinkqubo yokulawula. Ivili lesandla, elinokudityaniswa kuloliwe wegiya, libonelela ngokusebenza kwevalve ngesandla. Izitshixo zomda ziqhele ukubonelelwa ukumisa injini ngokuzenzekelayo kwindawo evuleke ngokupheleleyo kwaye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshintsha okulinganiselweyo kuqhutywa ngokwasemzimbeni ngokwendawo yevalve okanye ngokujikeleza ngetorque yemoto.
IiActuator zomoya
Izixhobo zokuvuselela umoya njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi zibonelela ngokusebenza kwevalvu ezenzekelayo okanye ye-semiautomatic. Ezi actuators ziguqulela umqondiso womoya ube yintshukumo yesikhondo sevalve ngoxinzelelo lomoya olusebenza kwidiaphragm okanye ipiston eqhagamshelwe kwisiqu. Ii-actuator ze-pneumatic zisetyenziselwa iivalve ze-throttle ukubeka indawo evulekileyo apho kufuneka khona isenzo esikhawulezayo. Xa uxinzelelo lomoya luvala ivalve kwaye isenzo sasentwasahlobo sivula ivalve, i-actuator ibizwa ngokuba yi-directacting. Xa uxinzelelo lomoya luvula ivalve kwaye isenzo sasentwasahlobo sivala ivalve, i-actuator ibizwa ngokuba yi-reverseacting. I-Duplex actuators inomoya onikezelwe kumacala omabini e-diaphragm. Uxinzelelo oluhlukileyo kwi-diaphragm lubeka isiqu sevalve. Ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo kunikezelwa xa iimpawu zomoya zilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokujikeleza. Ukusebenza kwe-Semi-automatic kubonelelwa ngokutshintsha ngesandla kwi-circuitry ukuya kwii-valve zokulawula umoya.
IiActuator zeHydraulic
Ii-actuator ze-hydraulic zibonelela ngokubeka i-semi-automatic okanye ngokuzenzekelayo kwivalve, efana ne-actuator ye-pneumatic. Ezi actuators zisebenzisa ipiston ukuguqula uxinzelelo lwesignali lube sisishukumo sesikhondo sevalve. I-Hydraulic fluidis yondliwa macala omabini episton ngelixa elinye icala likhutshiwe okanye lopha. Amanzi okanye i-oyile isetyenziswa njengolwelo oluqhutywa ngamanzi. Iivalvu ze-Solenoid ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lwe-hydraulic fluid ukuqondisa nokuba uvule okanye ukuvalwa kwevalve. Iivalvu zezandla zingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ulwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi; ngaloo ndlela ibonelela ngokusebenza kwesemi-automatic.
Iivalvu eziziSebenzisayo
Iivalvu ezizisebenzelayo zisebenzisa ulwelo lwenkqubo ukubeka ivalve. Iivalvu zoncedo, iivalvu zokhuseleko, iivalve zetshekhi, kunye netrap zomphunga yimizekelo yeevalvu ezisebenza ngokwazo. Zonke ezi zivalo zisebenzisa uphawu oluthile lwenkqubo yolwelo ukuze kusebenze ivalve. Akukho mthombo wamandla ngaphandle kwenkqubo yamandla olwelo oluyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwezi zivalo.
Iivalvu eziSebenzisiweyo zeSolenoid
Iivalvu ze-Solenoid ezisebenzayo zibonelela ngokumiswa kwevalve evulelekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi. Uninzi lweevalvu ezisebenza nge-solenoid nazo zine-opharetha yesandla evumela ukubekwa ngesandla kwevalve okoko nje ukukhutshwa kubekwe ngesandla. I-Solenoids ibeka ivalve ngokutsala i-slug magnetic encanyathiselwe kwisiqu sevalve. Kwiivalve ze-solenoid enye, uxinzelelo lwasentwasahlobo lusebenza ngokuchasene nentshukumo ye-slug xa amandla esetyenziswa kwi-solenoid. Ezi zivalo zinokucwangciswa ngendlela yokuba amandla kwi-solenoid avule okanye avale ivalve. Xa amandla kwi-solenoid esusiwe, intwasahlobo ibuyisela i-valve kwindawo echaseneyo. I-solenoids ezimbini zingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela kokubili ukuvula nokuvala ngokusebenzisa amandla kwi-solenoid efanelekileyo.
Iivalvu ze-solenoid enyezibizwa ngokuba zisilela ukuvula okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuvala ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yevalvu ene-solenoid de-energized. Iivalve ezivulekileyo ze-solenoid zivulwa ngoxinzelelo lwasentwasahlobo kwaye zivaliwe ngokunika amandla i-solenoid. Iivalve ezivaliweyo ezivaliweyo zivaliwe ngoxinzelelo lwasentwasahlobo kwaye zivulwe ngokunika amandla i-solenoid. Iivalvu ezimbini ze-solenoid zihlala zisilela “njengoko zinjalo.” Oko kukuthi, indawo yevalve ayitshintshi xa zombini i-solenoids i-de-energized.
Olunye usetyenziso lweevalvu ze-solenoid lukwiinkqubo zomoya ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela komoya kwiivalvu ze-pneumatic valve actuators. Iivalve ze-solenoid zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukunikezelwa komoya kwi-actuator ye-pneumatic kwaye ngaloo ndlela indawo ye-valve ye-pneumatic actuated.
Isantya se-Actuator zamandla
Iingqwalasela zokhuseleko lwezityalo ziyalela isantya sevalvu kwiivalvu ezithile ezinxulumene nokhuseleko. Apho isixokelelwano kufuneka sibekwe yodwa ngokukhawuleza okanye sivulwe, kufuneka ivalvu esebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Apho ukuvuleka kwevalve kukhokelela ekutofweni kwamanzi abandayo ngokwentelekiso kwisixokelelwano esishushu, ukuvuleka okucothayo kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa umothuko wobushushu. Uyilo lobunjineli lukhetha i-actuator yeevalvu ezinxulumene nokhuseleko ngokusekelwe kwisantya kunye neemfuno zamandla kunye nokufumaneka kwamandla kwi-activator.
Ngokubanzi, i-actuation ekhawulezayo ibonelelwa nge-hydraulic, pneumatic, kunye ne-solenoid actuators. Nangona kunjalo, i-solenoids ayisebenzi kwiivalvu ezinkulu kuba ubukhulu bazo kunye neemfuno zamandla ziya kuba zigqithise. Kwakhona, i-hydraulic ne-pneumatic actuators ifuna inkqubo yokubonelela nge-hydraulic okanye i-pneumatic energy. Isantya se-actuation kuyo nayiphi na imeko sinokusetwa ngokufakela ii-orifices ezinobungakanani ngokufanelekileyo kwi-hydraulic okanye imigca ye-pneumatic. Kwezinye iimeko, i-valve ivalwe ngoxinzelelo lwasentwasahlobo, oluchaswa yi-hydraulic okanye i-pneumatic pressure yokugcina i-valve ivulekile.
Iinjini zombane zibonelela ngokusebenza ngokukhawuleza. Esona santya sevalvu sisetwa kukudityaniswa kwesantya semoto kunye nomlinganiselo wegiya. Olu luhlu lunokukhethwa ukubonelela ukuhamba kwevalve epheleleyo ngaphakathi koluhlu ukusuka malunga nemizuzwana emibini ukuya kwimizuzwana emininzi.
Isalathisi seSimo seValve
Abanini-zithuthi bafuna inkcazo yendawo ezimi kuyo iivalvu ezithile ukuze kuvumeleke ukusebenza ngokunolwazi komzi-mveliso. Kwezo zivalo, isalathiso sendawo yevalve ekude sinikezelwa ngendlela yezibane ezibonisa ukuba iivalve zivuliwe okanye zivaliwe. Iisekethe zesalathiso sendawo yevalve ekude zisebenzisa isixhobo sokubona isiqu kunye nendawo yedisk okanye indawo ye-actuator. Olunye uhlobo lwesixhobo sokujonga indawo kukutshintshela umda komatshini, osebenza ngokwasemzimbeni yintshukumo yevalvu.
Olunye uhlobo lutshintsho lwemagnethi okanye iziguquli eziva intshukumo yemagnethi yazo, ezisebenza ngokwasemzimbeni yintshukumo yevalvu.
Isalathisi sendawo yevalvu ibhekiselele kuphawu oluthile olubonakalayo lwevalvu ebonisa indawo yevalvu. Indawo yevalve yesikhondo enyukayo iboniswa yindawo yesiqu. Iivalvu zesikhondo ezinganyukiyo ngamanye amaxesha zinezalathisi zoomatshini ezincinci ezisetyenziswa sisivalufa sevalvu ngaxeshanye nokusetyenziswa kwevalvu. Iivalvu ezisebenza ngamandla zinesalatha esingumatshini esibonelela ngesalathiso sendawo yevalvu yendawo. Kwelinye icala, ezinye iivalvu azinalo naluphi na uphawu lokubonisa indawo.
IsiShwankathelo seValve Actuators
- Ii actuators ezisetyenziswa ngesandla lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwe valve actuators. I-actuator ye-manual ibandakanya amavili ezandla ancanyathiselwe kwisikhondo sevalve ngokuthe ngqo kunye namavili ezandla ancanyathiselwe kwiigiya ukunika inzuzo yomatshini.
- Iinjini zombane ezineenjini zombane ezibuyiselwa umva ezidityaniswe kwisikhondo sevalve ngololiwe wegiya owehlisa isantya sokujikeleza kunye nokunyusa itorque.
- Ii-actuator ze-pneumatic zisebenzisa uxinzelelo lomoya kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini e-diaphragm ukubonelela amandla okumisa ivalve.
- Ii-actuator ze-hydraulic zisebenzisa ulwelo olucinezelekileyo kwicala elinye okanye omabini episton ukunika amandla afunekayo ukubeka ivalve.
- I-Solenoid actuators ine-slug magnetic encanyathiselwe kwi-valve stem. Amandla okumisa ivalve avela kumtsalane wemagnethi phakathi kweslug esikwisikhondo sevalvu kunye nekhoyili ye-electromagnetic kwi-valve actuator.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-18-2020