Ukufumana uqhagamshelo lwe-flange olungavuziyo, ukufakelwa kwe-gasket ngokufanelekileyo kuyafuneka, iibholithi kufuneka zinikezelwe kwi-tension ye-bolt echanekileyo, kwaye amandla ebholithi ewonke kufuneka ahlulwe ngokulinganayo phezu kobuso be-flange yonke.

NgokuQiniswa kweTorque (ukusetyenziswa kokulayishwa kwangaphambili kwisibophelelo ngokujika kwentongomane yesiqhoboshi) ukunyanzeliswa kwebholithi echanekileyo kunokufezekiswa.

Ukuqiniswa ngokuchanekileyo kwebholithi kuthetha ukwenza ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kweempawu ze-elastic zebholi. Ukuze isebenze kakuhle, ibholithi kufuneka iziphathe njengemithombo. Ekusebenzeni, inkqubo yokuqinisa yenza i-axial pre-load tension kwi-bolt. Lo mthwalo woxinzelelo ngokuqinisekileyo uyalingana kwaye uchasene namandla oxinzelelo asetyenziswa kumalungu adityanisiweyo. Inokubizwa ngokuba "ngumthwalo oqinisayo" okanye "umthwalo woxinzelelo"

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Isitshixo seTorque

I-Torque Wrench ligama eliqhelekileyo lesixhobo sokukrazula esikhokelwa ngesandla, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuseta ngokuchanekileyo amandla okubopha njenge nut okanye ibholiti. Ivumela umqhubi ukuba alinganise amandla ajikelezayo (i-torque) esetyenziswe kwi-bolt ukuze ihambelane neenkcukacha.

I-Manual kunye ne-hydraulic wrench

Ukukhethwa kwendlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisa ibhaliti yeflange kufuna amava. Ukusetyenziswa okuyimpumelelo kwalo nabuphi na ubuchule bukwafuna isiqinisekiso sezixhobo eziya kusetyenziswa kunye nabasebenzi abaza kwenza umsebenzi. Oku kulandelayo kushwankathela ezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zisetyenziswayo zokuqinisa iibholithi zeflange.

• I-Wrench Manual
• Impact Wrench
• I-Hammer Wrench
• I-Hydraulic Torque Wrench
• Umqa weManuwali kunye neGear-Assisted Torque Wrench
• I-Hydraulic Bolt Tensioner

Ilahleko yeTorque

Ilahleko yetorque yinto ehambelana nayo nayiphi na ibhoti edibeneyo. Iziphumo ezidibeneyo zokuphumla kwebholithi, (malunga ne-10% kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala emva kofakelo), i-gasket creep, i-vibration kwisistim, ukwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokusebenzisana kwe-elastic ngexesha lokuqinisa i-bolt kunegalelo ekulahlekeni kwe-torque. Xa ilahleko ye-torque ifikelela ngokugqithiseleyo, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ludlula amandla oxinzelelo olubambe i-gasket kwindawo kwaye ukuvuza okanye ukuvuthela kwenzeka.

Isitshixo sokunciphisa ezi ziphumo kukufakwa kwe-gasket efanelekileyo. Ngokudibanisa iiflange ngokucothayo nangokunxuseneyo xa ufaka igasket kwaye uthatha ubuncinci beendlela ezine zokuqinisa iibholiti, ngokulandela ulandelelwano oluchanekileyo lokuqiniswa kwebholiti, kukho intlawulo ekunciphiseni iindleko zokugcina kunye nokwanda kokhuseleko.

Ubukhulu begasket obufanelekileyo bubalulekile. Okukhona igasket ijiyile, kokukhona inyuka igasket enyakazelayo nto leyo enokukhokelela kwilahleko yetorque. Kumgangatho we-ASME iiflange zobuso obunyusiweyo i-1.6 mm yegasket ubukhulu iyacetyiswa ngesiqhelo. Izinto ze-gasket ezinqabileyo zinokuthatha umthwalo ophezulu we-gasket kwaye ngoko ke uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwangaphakathi.

Ukuthambisa kunciphisa ukukhuhlana

Ukuthambisa kunciphisa ukukhuhlana ngexesha lokuqinisa, kunciphisa ukungaphumeleli kwe-bolt ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebholithi. Ukwahluka kwi-friction coefficients kuchaphazela ubungakanani bokulayishwa kwangaphambili okuphunyeziweyo kwi-torque ethile. Ukruthakruthwano oluphezulu lukhokelela kuguqulo oluncinci lwetorque ukuze ilayishwe kwangaphambili. Ixabiso le-coefficient ye-friction enikezelwa ngumenzi we-lubricant kufuneka yaziwe ngokumisela ngokuchanekileyo ixabiso le-torque efunekayo.

I-Lubricant okanye i-anti-seizure compounds kufuneka ifakwe kuzo zombini iindawo ezithwala i-nut kunye nemicu yamadoda.

Ukuqinisa ulandelelwano

Ukupasa kokuqala, qinisa kancinci ibholithi yokuqala emva koko uhambe ngokuthe ngqo ngapha okanye i-180 degrees kwibholithi yesibini, uze uhambe1/4 ujike isangqa okanye idigri ezingama-90 kwibholithi yesithathu kwaye ngokuthe ngqo ukuwela okwesine. Qhubeka olu landelelwano de zonke iibholithi ziqiniswe.
Xa uqinisa i-four-bolt flange, sebenzisa iphethini ye-criss-cross.

UkuQinisa Ulandelelwano

Ukulungiselela ibholiti yeflange

Kuqhagamshelo lwe-flanged, onke amacandelo kufuneka achaneke ukufezekisa itywina. Esona sizathu sixhaphakileyo samalungu avuzayo egaskete ziinkqubo zokufakela ezingafanelekanga.

Phambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo yokubholitha, la manyathelo okuqala alandelayo aya kuthintela iingxaki ezizayo:

• Coca ubuso be-flange kwaye ukhangele izibazi; ubuso kufuneka bucoceke kwaye bungabi naziphene (i-burrs, imigodi, i-dents, njl.).
• Jonga ngokubonakalayo zonke iibholithi kunye namandongomane ukuze ubone imisonto eyonakeleyo okanye edlelekileyo. Faka enye indawo okanye ulungise iibholiti okanye amandongomane njengoko kuyimfuneko.
• Susa iibhura kuyo yonke imisonto.
• Lubricate imisonto yebholiti okanye i-stud, kunye nobuso bobuso be nut ecaleni kweflange okanye iwasha. Iiwasha eziqinisiweyo ziyacetyiswa kwizicelo ezininzi.
• Faka i-gasket entsha kwaye uqiniseke ukuba i-gasket igxile ngokufanelekileyo. UNGAPHINDU UYISEBENZISE igasket endala, okanye usebenzise iigaskets ezininzi.
• Jonga ulungelelwaniso lweflange ASME B31.3 Inkqubo yemibhobho:
  …ubuso beflange kufuneka bungqamane ngaphakathi kwe-1/16″ ngenqina nganye yobubanzi, kwaye imingxunya ye-flange bolt kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngaphakathi kwe-1/8″ ephezulu yokufikelela.
• Lungisa indawo yamantongomane ukuze uqiniseke ukuba imicu ye-2-3 ibonakala ngaphezu komphezulu we-nut.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokuqinisa esetyenziswayo, iitshekhi ezichazwe ngasentla kunye namalungiselelo kufuneka asoloko esenziwa.

Amagqabantshintshi oMbhali...

Ngawam amava malunga ... Torque Wrenches

• Kwixesha elidlulileyo ndihlanganise amakhulu onxibelelwano lweflange oluvuzayo, ukusuka kwi-NPS 1/2 ukuya kwi-NPS 24 nangaphezulu. Kunqabile ukuba ndisebenzise ke iTorque Wrench.
  Ngokwesiqhelo, udibaniso lweflange yombhobho “oluqhelekileyo” luphantse lungaze ludityaniswe neTorque Wrench. Olona xhulumaniso lunzima kum lwaluhlala luba "abancinci" kwaye ke ngokukodwa uhlobo loBuso obuPhakamileyo ngaphezu kweKlasi 300 (RF Height = malunga ne-6.4 mm).
  Relationable ubuso flange ukusuka NPS 1/2 flange zincinci ngoko ngokomzekelo NPS 6 flange, kunye nethuba kwi misalignment, ngokombono wam mkhulu kakhulu.
  Ngokwenza ndidibana rhoqo nodibaniso lwe-flange, apho ulungelelwaniso lungekho kumda wokunyamezela. Ukuba nje ulandelelwano lweNkqubo yokuQinisekisa ilandelwa i-Mechanic ayixakekanga kakuhle. Kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqalwe ngebhowuthi yesithandathu endaweni yebholithi enye. Sebenzisa amehlo akho ngexesha lendibano yeflange, ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye inegalelo mhlawumbi kunxibelelwano olungavuziyo

Unxibelelwano lweflange olungafanelekanga - iibholiti zifutshane kakhulu!

Ungenzani?

• Umfanekiso ubonisa i-flange engafanelekanga, kuba iibhotshi ezimbini zifutshane kakhulu, kwaye amantongomane awakho ngokupheleleyo kwiibhotshi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ijoyini ayinakomelela njengoko ifanele ukuba njalo. Iiflange zenzelwe ukuba yonke indibaniselwano ye-nut-bolt ibambe imikhosi kwi-flange. Ukuba i-nati ikrwelwe ngokuyinxenye kwibholithi, udibaniso lusenokungabi namandla ngokwaneleyo.
• Ukuba umsebenzi wakho uquka ukudibanisa izixhobo zokusebenza, ukudibanisa umbhobho onombhobho, ukugquma umngxuma wokubolisa okanye olunye uqhagamshelo olufakwe iibholiti kwisixhobo, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokudityaniswa, khumbula ukuba umsebenzi awugqitywanga de zonke iibholithi zifakwe ngokufanelekileyo zaza zaqiniswa.
• Ezinye izixhobo zifuna iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokuqinisa iibholithi. Ngokomzekelo, unokufuneka usebenzise i-torque wrench ukuze uqinise ngokuchanekileyo iibholithi kwinkcazo, okanye uqinise iibholithi ngomyalelo okhethekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela inkqubo echanekileyo, sebenzisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo, kwaye uqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhlanganisa izixhobo.
• Qwalasela imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zeeflange ezibotshwe ngokufanelekileyo njengenxalenye yohlolo lwakho lokhuseleko lwesityalo. Njengesikhokelo esilula, iibholiti ezingagqithiseli ngaphaya kweendongomane kufuneka ziqwalaselwe yingcibi yemibhobho yezityalo okanye injineli.
• Ukuba ubona iiflange ezibotshwe ngokungafanelekanga kwisityalo sakho, zixele ukuze zikwazi ukulungiswa, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ukulungiswa okufunekayo kugqityiwe.
• Hlola izixhobo ezitsha, okanye izixhobo ezithe zaphinda zadityaniswa emva kokulungiswa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zidityaniswe kakuhle kwaye zibotshwe kakuhle phambi kokuba ziqalise.

Buthini ubude obufanelekileyo beStud Bolt?
Njengomthetho, ungasebenzisa: Imicu yamahhala yebholithi ngaphezulu kwe-nut ilingana ne-1/3 yamaxesha e-bolt ububanzi.