Ivalve sisixhobo okanye into yendalo elawula, elawula okanye elawula ukuhamba kolwelo (iirhasi, ulwelo, izinto eziqinileyo ezinolwelo, okanye udaka oluludaka) ngokuvula, ukuvala, okanye ukuthintela iipaseji ezahlukeneyo. Iivalvu zifakelwa ngokobuchwephesha, kodwa zidla ngokuxoxwa njengodidi olwahlukileyo. Kwivalve evulekileyo, ulwelo luqukuqela kwicala ukusuka kuxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphantsi. Igama lithathwe kwi-Latin valva, inxalenye ehambayo yomnyango, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukusuka kwi-volvere, ukujika, ukuqengqeleka.

Eyona ilula, nendala kakhulu, ivelufa yinto nje ejingiwe ngokukhululekileyo eyehlayo ukuze ithintele ulwelo (irhasi okanye ulwelo) oluhamba kwicala elinye, kodwa lutyhalelwa phezulu kukuqukuqela ngokwako xa umsinga usiya kwelinye icala. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yivalve yokukhangela, njengoko ikhusela okanye "ijonga" ukuhamba ngendlela enye. Iivalvu zolawulo zala maxesha zinokulawula uxinzelelo okanye zihambe ziye ngezantsi kwaye zisebenze kwiinkqubo ezizisebenzelayo ezintsonkothileyo.

Iivalvu zineendlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa, kubandakanywa nokulawula amanzi okunkcenkceshela, ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kwiinkqubo zokulawula, iindawo zokuhlala ezifana nokuvula/ukuvala kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo kwisitya kunye neempahla zokuwasha kunye neetephu ekhaya. Nkqu neetoti zokutshiza ze-aerosol zinevalvu encinci eyakhelweyo. Iivalvu zikwasetyenziswa emkhosini kunye necandelo lezothutho. Kwimibhobho ye-HVAC kunye nokunye ukuhamba komoya okufutshane-nomoya, iivalvu endaweni yoko zibizwa ngokuba ziidampers. Kwiinkqubo zomoya ezixineneyo, nangona kunjalo, iivalvu zisetyenziswa kunye nolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo ziivalvu zebhola.
Usetyenziso

Iivalvu zifumaneka phantse kuyo yonke inkqubo yemizi-mveliso, kubandakanywa ukusetyenzwa kwamanzi kunye nogutyulo, imigodi, ukuveliswa kwamandla, ukusetyenzwa kwe-oyile, igesi nepetroleum, ukwenziwa kokutya, ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali kunye neplastiki kunye nezinye iinkalo ezininzi.

Abantu abakumazwe ahambele phambili basebenzisa izivalo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, kuquka izivalo zemibhobho yamanzi, njengeempompo zamanzi epompo, iivalvu zokulawula igesi kwiziphekepheke, iivalvu ezincinane ezifakelwe koomatshini bokuhlamba izitya nezixhobo zokuhlamba izitya, izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifakelwe kumatshini wamanzi ashushu, nezivalo ze<em>poppet emotweni. iinjini.

Kwindalo kukho iivalvu, umzekelo izivalo zendlela enye kwimithanjana elawula ukujikeleza kwegazi, kunye neevalvu zentliziyo ezilawula ukuhamba kwegazi kumagumbi entliziyo kunye nokugcina isenzo esichanekileyo sokumpompa.

Iivalvu zisenokusetyenziswa ngesandla, mhlawumbi ngomqheba, isixhasi, ivili okanye ivili. Iivalvu zisenokuzenzekela, ziqhutywa kukutshintsha koxinzelelo, ubushushu, okanye ukuqukuqela kwamanzi. Olu tshintsho lunokuthi lusebenze kwi-diaphragm okanye kwipiston ethi yona ivule ivalve, imizekelo yolu hlobo lwesivalo efunyanwa ngokuqhelekileyo ziivalvu zokhuseleko ezifakelwe kwiinkqubo zamanzi ashushu okanye kwiibhoyila.

Iinkqubo zolawulo ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi zisebenzisa iivalvu ezifuna ulawulo oluzenzekelayo olusekelwe kwigalelo langaphandle (oko kukuthi, ukulawula ukuhamba kombhobho ukuya kwindawo yokutshintsha okutshintshileyo) kufuna i-actuator. I-actuator iya kuyibetha i-valve ngokuxhomekeke kwigalelo layo kunye nokusekwa kwayo, ukuvumela ivalve ukuba ibekwe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ivumele ukulawula kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo.
Ukwahluka

Iivalvu ziyahluka ngokubanzi kwifom kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ubukhulu [obungaqondakaliyo] ngokuqhelekileyo bususela kwi-0.1 mm ukuya kuma-60 cm. Iivalvu ezikhethekileyo zinokuba nobubanzi obudlula iimitha ezi-5.[yiphi?]

Iindleko zevalvu zisusela kwiivalvu ezilula ezilahliweyo ezingabizi kakhulu ukuya kwiivalvu ezikhethekileyo ezixabisa amawaka eedola zaseMelika nge-intshi nganye yobubanzi bevalve.

Iivalvu ezilahlwayo zinokufunyanwa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zasekhaya eziquka izixhobo zokuhambisa impompo ezincinci kunye neetoti zeaerosol.

Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwegama elithi ivalvu libhekisa kwiivalvu zepoppet ezifunyenwe kuninzi lweenjini zangoku zangaphakathi ezifana nezo zikwiimoto ezininzi ezisebenza ngefosili ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukungena komxube we-fuel-air kunye nokuvumela ukuphuma kwegesi ephumayo.
Iintlobo

Iivalvu zahluke kakhulu kwaye zinokuhlelwa ngokwenani leentlobo ezisisiseko. Iivalvu zisenokwahlulwa ngokwendlela ezisebenza ngayo:

I-Hydraulic
Umoya
Imanyuwali
Ivalve yeSolenoid
Imoto