Yintoni iiVave?

Iivalvu zizixhobo zoomatshini ezilawula ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo okanye inkqubo. Ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixokelelwano semibhobho ehambisa ulwelo, iigesi, umphunga, uludaka njl.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zevalvu zikhoyo: isango, iglowubhu, iplagi, ibhola, ibhabhathane, itshekhi, i-diaphragm, i-pinch, i-pressure relief, i-valve yokulawula njl njl. Ezinye iivalvu zisebenza ngokwazo ngelixa ezinye zisebenza ngesandla okanye nge actuator okanye ipneumatic okanye ihydraulic.

Imisebenzi evela kwiiValves zezi:

• Ukumisa kunye nokuqalisa ukuhamba
• Ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa ukuhamba
• Ukulawula indlela yokuhamba
• Ukulawula ukuhamba okanye uxinzelelo lwenkqubo
• Ukukhulula inkqubo yombhobho yoxinzelelo oluthile

Zininzi iziyilo zevalvu, iintlobo kunye neemodeli, ezinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zoshishino. Zonke zanelisa umsebenzi omnye okanye ngaphezulu kule misebenzi ichazwe ngasentla. Iivalve zizinto ezibizayo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba i-valve echanekileyo ichazwe kumsebenzi, kwaye kufuneka yakhiwe ngezinto ezichanekileyo zolwelo lwenkqubo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni na, zonke iivalve zinala malungu alandelayo asisiseko: umzimba, ibhonethi, i-trim (izinto zangaphakathi), i-actuator, kunye nokupakisha. Iindawo ezisisiseko zevalve ziboniswe kumfanekiso osekunene.

Umzimba weValve

Umzimba wevalvu, ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba liqokobhe, ngowona mda wevalve yoxinzelelo. Usebenza njengeyona nto iphambili yendibano yevalvu kuba sisikhokelo esibamba onke amalungu kunye.

Umzimba, umda wokuqala woxinzelelo lwevalve, uyaxhathisa imithwalo yoxinzelelo lwamanzi ukusuka kumbhobho wokuxhuma. Ifumana imibhobho yokungena kunye neyokuphuma ngemisonto, ebotiweyo, okanye edityanisiweyo.

Iziphelo zomzimba zevalve ziyilelwe ukudibanisa ivalve kumbhobho okanye umbhobho wesixhobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelo lwesiphelo, njenge-butt okanye i-socket welded, intambo okanye i-flanged.

Imizimba yevalvu iphoswe okanye yenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye icandelo ngalinye linomsebenzi othile kwaye lakhiwe kwizinto ezilungele loo msebenzi.

Ibhonethi yeValve

Isigqubuthelo sokuvuleka emzimbeni yibhonethi, kwaye ngumda wesibini obalulekileyo wevalve yoxinzelelo. Njengemizimba yevalvu, iibhonethi zikuyilo oluninzi kunye neemodeli ezikhoyo.

Ibhonethi isebenza njengesigqubuthelo kumzimba wevalvu, iphoswe okanye yenziwe ngemathiriyeli efanayo nomzimba. Idla ngokudityaniswa nomzimba ngokudityaniswa ngentambo, ebotshiweyo, okanye edityanisiweyo. Ngexesha lokwenziwa kwevalve, amalungu angaphakathi, anjengesiqu, idisk njl.njl., afakwa emzimbeni emva koko ibhonethi incanyathiselwe ukubamba onke amalungu kunye ngaphakathi.

Kuzo zonke iimeko, ukudibanisa kwebhonethi kumzimba kuthathwa njengomda woxinzelelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-weld joint okanye iibholiti ezidibanisa ibhonethi emzimbeni ngamalungu agcina uxinzelelo. Iibhonethi zevalvu, nangona ziyimfuneko kwiivalve ezininzi, zimela isizathu sokukhathazeka. Iibhonethi zinokwenza nzima ukwenziwa kweevalvu, zandise ubungakanani bevalvu, zimele ixabiso elikhulu lexabiso levalvu, kwaye zingumthombo wokuvuza okunokwenzeka.

I-Valve Trim

Amalungu angaphakathi evalufa asusekayo kwaye anokutshintshwaezidibana ne-flow medium zibizwa ngokudibeneyo njengeUkucinywa kwevalvu. Ezi nxalenye ziquka isihlalo sevalve (s), idiski, amadlala, izikhewu, izikhokelo, iibhutsi, kunye nemithombo yangaphakathi. Umzimba wevalvu, ibhonethi, ukupakisha, njalo njalo, eziye zadibana nesixhobo sokuhamba azijongwa njengesisingiso sevalvu.

Ukusebenza kwe-valve ye-trim kumiselwa yidiski kunye nojongano lwesitulo kunye nobudlelwane bendawo yediski kwisitulo. Ngenxa ye-trim, iintshukumo ezisisiseko kunye nolawulo lokuhamba lunokwenzeka. Kuyilo lwetrim ejikelezayo, idisk islayidi kufutshane nesihlalo ukuvelisa utshintsho ekuvulekeni kokuhamba. Kuyilo lwe-linear motion trim, idiski iphakamisa ngokuthe ngqo kude nesihlalo ukuze kuvele i-annular orifice.

Amalungu e-valve trim anokwakhiwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo ukumelana namandla kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo. I-Bushs kunye ne-packing glands ayifumani amandla kunye neemeko ezifanayo kunye ne-valve disc kunye nezihlalo.

Iimpawu ezihambayo-eziphakathi, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, uxinzelelo, ubushushu, izinga lokuhamba, i-velocity kunye ne-viscosity zezinye zeengqwalasela ezibalulekileyo ekukhetheni izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ze-trim. Imathiriyeli yokusikwa inokuba okanye ingabi yimathiriyeli efanayo nomzimba wevalvu okanye ibhonethi.

I-API 600 yeValve's Trim No

Idiski yeValve kunye neSitulo (s)

Idiski

I-disc yinxalenye evumela, i-throttles, okanye ukuyeka ukuhamba, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yayo. Kwimeko yeplagi okanye ivalve yebhola, idiski ibizwa ngokuba yiplagi okanye ibhola. Idiski yeyona nto yesithathu ibaluleke kakhulu kumda woxinzelelo oluphambili. Ngevalve evaliweyo, uxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwenkqubo lusetyenziswa kulo lonke idiski, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, idiski licandelo elinxulumene noxinzelelo.

Iidiski zihlala zenziwe, kwaye kwezinye ziyilo, zilukhuni ukubonelela ngeempawu ezifanelekileyo zokunxiba. Uninzi lweevalvu zithiywe, uyilo lweediski zazo.

Izihlalo

Isihlalo okanye amakhonkco okutywina abonelela ngendawo yokuhlala kwidiski. Ivalve inokuba nesitulo esinye okanye ezingaphezulu. Kwimeko yeglowubhu okanye i-valve yokukhangela i-swing-check, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho isihlalo esinye, esenza itywina kunye ne-disc ukumisa ukuhamba. Kwimeko yevalve yesango, kukho izihlalo ezibini; enye ingakwicala eliphezulu, enye isecaleni lomlambo. Idiskhi yevalvu yesango inemigangatho emibini yokuhlala edibana nezihlalo zevalvu ukwenza itywina lokumisa ukuhamba.

Ukuphucula ukunyanzeliswa kokumelana namakhonkco okutywina, umphezulu uhlala unzima-ujongene ne-welding kwaye emva koko umatshini wokudibanisa umsesane wokutywina. Ukugqitywa komgangatho ococekileyo wendawo yokuhlala kuyimfuneko ukutywinwa kakuhle xa i-valve ivaliwe. Izangqa zokutywina azidli ngokujongwa njengenxalenye yomda woxinzelelo ngenxa yokuba umzimba unodonga olwaneleyo lokumelana noxinzelelo loyilo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kubunzima bamakhonkco okutywina.

Isiqu seValve

I-valve stem inikezela ukunyakaza okufunekayo kwi-disc, iplagi okanye ibhola yokuvula okanye ukuvala i-valve, kwaye inoxanduva lokubeka ngokufanelekileyo idiski. Idityaniswe kwi-handwheel, i-actuator, okanye i-lever kwelinye icala kwaye kwelinye icala kwi-disc valve. Esangweni okanye kwiivalvu zeglowubhu, intshukumo yomgca yediski iyafuneka ukuvula okanye ukuvala ivalve, ngelixa iplagi, ibhola kunye neevalvu zeButterfly, idiski ijikeleziswa ukuvula okanye ukuvala ivalve.

Iziqu zidla ngokwenziwa, kwaye ziqhagamshelwe kwidiski ngentambo okanye ezinye iindlela. Ukuthintela ukuvuza, kwindawo yesitywina, ukugqiba umgangatho ococekileyo we-stem kuyimfuneko.

Kukho iindidi ezintlanu zezikhondo zevalvu:

• Isiqu esinyukayo ngeSikruru sangaphandle kunye neYoki
  Umphandle wesiqu ufakwe intambo, ngelixa isahlulo sesiqu kwivalve sigudile. Imisonto yesikhondo ibekwe yodwa kwi-flow medium ngokupakishwa kwesiqu. Iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zolu yilo zikhoyo; enye ine-handwheel encanyathiselwe kwisiqu, ukuze baphakame kunye, kwaye enye ine-sleeve enemisonto ebangela ukuba isikhondo sinyuke ngesondo lesandla. Olu hlobo lwesivalo lubonakaliswa ngu-“O. S. kunye noY.” luyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-NPS 2 kunye neevalvu ezinkulu.
• Isiqu esinyukayo esineSikruru sangaphakathi
  Indawo enemisonto yesiqu ingaphakathi kumzimba wevalvu, kwaye isiqu sipakisha ecaleni kwecandelo eligudileyo elivezwe emoyeni ngaphandle. Kule meko, imicu ye-stem idibene ne-flow medium. Xa ujikeleziswa, isiqu kunye nevili lesandla ziphakama kunye ukuvula ivalve.
• Isiqu esingakhuphukiyo esineSikruru sangaphakathi
  Inxalenye enemisonto yesiqu ingaphakathi kwevalve kwaye ayiphakami. Idiskhi yevalve ihamba ecaleni kwesikhondo, njenge nut ukuba isikhondo sijikeleziswa. Imisonto ye-Stem ibonakaliswe kwi-flow medium, kwaye ngenxa yoko, iphantsi kwempembelelo. Yingakho lo mzekelo usetyenziswa xa indawo inqunyelwe ukuvumela ukunyakaza komgca, kwaye i-flow medium ayibangeli ukuguguleka, ukubola okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto eziphathekayo.
• Isiqu sokuSlayida
  Esi siqu sevalve asijiki okanye asijiki. Ityibilika ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwevalve ukuvula okanye ukuvala ivalve. Olu luyilo lusetyenziswa kwi-lever esebenza ngesandla kwiivalvu zokuvula ngokukhawuleza. Ikwasetyenziswa kwiivalvu zokulawula zisebenza nge-hydraulic okanye i-pneumatic cylinders.
• Isiqu esijikelezayo
  Lo ngumzekelo osetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwibhola, iplagi, kunye neevalvu zeButterfly. Intshukumo yekota yokujika kwesiqu vula okanye uvale ivalve.

KwiMenu ephambili "IiValufa" uya kufumana amakhonkco kwimifanekiso eneenkcukacha (emikhulu) yeevalvu ze-Rising kunye ne-NON Rising Stem.

Ukupakishwa kweStim seValve

Ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo phakathi kwesiqu kunye nebhonethi, i-gasket iyafuneka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuPakisha, kwaye ifakelwe umz. la malungu alandelayo:

• Umlandeli wedlala, umkhono ocinezela ukupakisha, ngedlala ukuya kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yibhokisi yokuhlohla.
• I-Gland, uhlobo lwe-bushing, eyayicinezela ukupakisha kwibhokisi yokufaka.
• Ibhokisi yokufaka, igumbi apho ukupakisha kuxinzelelwe.
• Ukupakisha, kufumaneka kwizinto ezininzi, njengeTeflon®, imathiriyeli ye-elastomeric, imathiriyeli yefibrous njl.
• Isitulo esingasemva lulungiselelo lokuhlala ngaphakathi kwibhonethi. Inika itywina phakathi kwesiqu kunye nebhonethi kwaye ithintela uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ekwakhiweni ngokuchasene nevalve yokupakisha, xa ivelufa ivuleke ngokupheleleyo. Izihlalo zangasemva zihlala zifakwa kwi-valve yesango kunye neglowubhu.

Inkalo ebalulekileyo yexesha lobomi bevalve yindibano yokutywina. Phantse zonke iivalvu, njengeBhola eqhelekileyo, iGlobhu, iSango, iplagi kunye neevalvu zeButterfly zinendibano yazo yokutywina esekwe kumandla okucheba, ukukhuhlana nokukrazuka.

Ngoko ke ukupakishwa kwevalvu kufuneka kwenzeke ngokufanelekileyo, ukuthintela umonakalo kwisiqu kunye nolwelo okanye ilahleko yerhasi. Xa ukupakisha kukhululekile kakhulu, ivalve iya kuvuza. Ukuba ukupakishwa kuqinile kakhulu, kuya kuchaphazela ukunyakaza kunye nomonakalo onokwenzeka kwisiqu.

Ingcebiso yokuLondoloza: 1. Uyifaka njani iGland yokuPakisha

Ingcebiso yokuLondoloza: 2. Uyifaka njani iGland yokuPakisha

Idyokhwe yeValve kunye neYoke Nut

Idyokhwe

Idyokhwe idibanisa umzimba wevalvu okanye ibhonethi kunye nesixhobo sokusebenza. Umphezulu weYoke ubambe indongomane yeYoke, isiqu, okanye isihlahla seYoke kunye nesiqu sevalve sidlula kuyo. Idyokhwe idla ngokuba neendawo ezivulekileyo zokuvumela ukufikelela kwibhokisi yokuhlohla, amakhonkco e-actuator, njl.

Yoke Nut

Indongomane yeYoke lindongomane elithungelwe ngaphakathi kwaye libekwe encotsheni yeYoki apho isiqu sidlula khona. Kwivalve yeSango umz., i-Yoke nut iyajika kwaye isiqu sihamba sinyuka okanye sihla. Kwimeko yeevalve zeGlobe, i-nut ilungisiwe kwaye isiqu sijikelezwa kuyo.

I-Valve Actuator

Iivalvu ezisebenza ngesandla zidla ngokuxhotyiswa ngevili lesandla elincanyatheliswe kwisiqu sevalve okanye i-Yoke nut elijikeleziswa ngasekunene okanye ngewotshi ukuvala okanye ukuvula ivalve. Iivalvu zeglowubhu nesango ziyavulwa zize zivalwe ngale ndlela.

Iivalvu ezisebenza ngesandla, ezifana neBhola, iPlug okanye iButterfly, zinesixhobo sokuvula ivalve.

Kukho izicelo apho kungenakwenzeka okanye kunqweneleka, ukuvuselela i-valve ngesandla ngesandla okanye i-lever. Ezi zicelo ziquka:

• Iivalvu ezinkulu ekufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokuchasene noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-hydrostatic
• Iivalvu kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwindawo ekude
• Xa ixesha lokuvula, ukuvala, i-throttle okanye ukulawula ngesandla ivalve lide, kunokuba lifunwa yinkqubo-design criteria

Ezi zivalo zihlala zixhotyiswe nge-actuator.
I-actuator kwinkcazo ebanzi kakhulu sisixhobo esivelisa intshukumo yomgca kunye ne-rotary yomthombo wamandla phantsi kwesenzo somthombo wolawulo.

Ii-actuator ezisisiseko zisetyenziselwa ukuvula ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuvala ngokupheleleyo ivalve. Ii-actuators zokulawula okanye zokulawula iivalvu zinikwa umqondiso wokumisa ukuze zihambe ziye kuyo nayiphi na indawo ephakathi. Kukho iindidi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zee actuator, kodwa ezi zilandelayo zezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo iivalvu:

• IiGear Actuators
• IiMbane zeMoto zoMbane
• IiActuator zomoya
• IiActuator zeHydraulic
• I-Solenoid Actuators

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga neeActuators bona iMenu engundoqo "IiVava"-IiActuators zeValve-

Ukuhlelwa kweeVavu

Oku kulandelayo lolunye lweendlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwivalvu, ngokusekwe kwintshukumo yoomatshini:

• IiValufa ezishukumayo ezinemigca. Iivalvu apho ilungu lokuvala, njengakwisango, iglowubhu, i-diaphragm, i-pinch, kwaye iphakamisa i-Check Valves, ihamba ngomgca othe tye ukuvumela, ukumisa, okanye ukucinezela ukuhamba.
• Iivalvu ze-Rotary Motion. Xa ilungu lokuvalwa kwevalve lihamba ngendlela ye-angular okanye engqukuva, njengakwibhabhathane, ibhola, iplagi, i-eccentric- kunye ne-Swing Check Valves, iivalvu zibizwa ngokuba ziivalvu ezijikelezayo.
• Iivalvu zekota zokujika. Ezinye iivalvu ezijikelezayo zifuna malunga nekota yokujika, ukusuka ku-0 ukuya kuma-90 °, intshukumo yesiqu ukuze ivuleke ngokupheleleyo kwindawo evalwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuphendululekileyo.

Ukuhlelwa kweeVavu ezisekelwe kwiSindululo

IiReyithingi zeKlasi

Imilinganiselo yobushushu boxinzelelo lweevalvu zichongwa ngamanani eklasi. I-ASME B16.34, i-Valves-Flanged, i-Threaded, kunye ne-Welding End yenye yemigangatho yevalve esetyenziswa kakhulu. Ichaza iindidi ezintathu zeeklasi: umgangatho, okhethekileyo, kunye nomlinganiselo. I-ASME B16.34 igubungela iClass 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500, kunye ne-4500 valves.

Isishwankathelo

Kweli phepha kuchazwe inani lolwazi olusisiseko oluvela kwiivalvu.

Njengoko usenokuba ubonile kwiMenu engundoqo "Iivalvu", unokufumana kwakhona ulwazi malunga neevalvu ezininzi kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiPetro kunye neshishini lemichiza.
Inokukunika uluvo, kunye nokuqonda kakuhle umahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu, kunye nokuba lo mahluko uchaphazela njani umsebenzi wevalvu. Kuya kunceda ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kohlobo ngalunye lwesivalo ngexesha loyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kohlobo ngalunye lwevalve ngexesha lokusebenza.