Isingeniso kuma-Valve Actuators
Ama-Actuator e-valve
Ama-actuator ama-valve akhethwa ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziningi ezihlanganisa i-torque edingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe i-valve kanye nesidingo sokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo. Izinhlobo zama-actuator zifaka i-handwheel, i-lever manual, motor kagesi, i-pneumatic, i-solenoid, i-hydraulic piston, kanye ne-self-actuated. Wonke ama-actuator ngaphandle kwesondo lesandla elenziwa ngesandla kanye ne-lever ayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo.
I-Manuwali, i-Fixed, ne-Hammer Actuators
Ama-actuator asebenza ngezandla ayakwazi ukubeka i-valve kunoma iyiphi indawo kodwa ayikuvumeli ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-activator engumshini isondo lesandla. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa amasondo ezandla agxiliswe esiqwini, amasondo esandla esando, namasondo ezandla axhunywe esiqwini ngamagiya.
Amasondo Esandla Agxiliswe Ku-Stem
Njengoba kubonisiwe esithombeni kumasondo esandla angakwesokudla ahlanganiswe esiqwini ahlinzeka kuphela ngosizo lomshini wesondo. Uma la ma-valve echayeke emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okusebenza, ukubopha ama-valve kwenza ukusebenza kube nzima.
Isondo leHammer
Njengoba kubonisiwe esithombeni, isondo lesandla lesando lihamba ngokukhululekile engxenyeni yokujika kwalo bese lishaya isikhwama esondweni lesibili. Isondo lesibili linamathele esiqwini se-valve. Ngalolu hlelo, i-valve ingashaywa ivaleke ukuze ivaleke ngokuqinile noma ivuleke uma ivaleleke ivaleke.
I-Gearbox Esebenza Mathupha
Uma inzuzo eyengeziwe yomshini iyadingeka ku-valve esebenza ngesandla, ibhonethi yevalvu ifakwa amakhanda egiya asebenza ngesandla njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. I-wrench ekhethekile noma isondo lesandla elixhunywe ku-pinion shaft livumela umuntu oyedwa ukuthi asebenzise i-valve lapho kungase kudingeke abantu ababili ngaphandle kokusizakala kwegiya. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuphenduka okuningana kwe-pinion kuyadingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe ukujika okukodwa kwesiqu se-valve, isikhathi sokusebenza sama-valve amakhulu side kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamamotho omoya aphathwayo axhunywe ku-pinion shaft kunciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwevalvu.
I-Gearbox Esebenza Mathupha
Uma inzuzo eyengeziwe yomshini iyadingeka ku-valve esebenza ngesandla, ibhonethi yevalvu ifakwa amakhanda egiya asebenza ngesandla njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. I-wrench ekhethekile noma isondo lesandla elixhunywe ku-pinion shaft livumela umuntu oyedwa ukuthi asebenzise i-valve lapho kungase kudingeke abantu ababili ngaphandle kokusizakala kwegiya. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuphenduka okuningana kwe-pinion kuyadingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe ukujika okukodwa kwesiqu se-valve, isikhathi sokusebenza sama-valve amakhulu side kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamamotho omoya aphathwayo axhunywe ku-pinion shaft kunciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwevalvu.
I-Electric Motor Actuators
Amamotho kagesi avumela i-valve manual, i-semi-automatic, kanye nokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo. Ama-motor asetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini evaliwe, nakuba ekwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokubeka i-valve kunoma iyiphi indawo yokuvula njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Injini imvamisa iwuhlobo, oluhlehliswayo, oluxhunywe ngesitimela segiya ukuze kwehliswe isivinini semoto futhi ngaleyo ndlela kukhuphule itorque esiqwini. Isiqondiso sokujikeleza kwemoto sinquma isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwediski.
I-actuation kagesi ingaba yi-semi-automatic, njengalapho injini iqalwa uhlelo lokulawula. Isondo lesandla, elingafakwa esitimeleni segiya, lihlinzeka ngokusebenza kwe-valve ngesandla. Ukushintsha komkhawulo kuvame ukunikezwa ukuze kumiswe injini ngokuzenzakalelayo ezindaweni zamavalvu ezivaleke ngokugcwele. Ukushintsha komkhawulo kuqhutshwa ngokomzimba ngokuma kwe-valve noma ngokuzungezayo nge-torque yenjini.
I-Pneumatic Actuators
Ama-actuator womoya njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi ahlinzekela ukusebenza kwamavalvu okuzenzakalelayo noma okwe-semiautomatic. Lawa ma-actuator ahumusha isignali yomoya ibe ukunyakaza kwesiqu se-valve ngomfutho womoya osebenza ku-diaphragm noma i-piston exhunywe esiqwini. Ama-actuator we-pneumatic asetshenziswa kuma-throttle valve ukuze amise indawo evulekile lapho kudingeka khona isenzo esisheshayo. Lapho umfutho womoya uvala i-valve futhi isenzo sasentwasahlobo sivula i-valve, i-actuator ibizwa ngokuthi i-directacting. Lapho umfutho womoya uvula i-valve futhi isenzo sasentwasahlobo sivala i-valve, i-actuator ibizwa ngokuthi i-reverseact. Ama-actuator e-Duplex anomoya onikezwa izinhlangothi zombili ze-diaphragm. Ingcindezi ehlukile kuyo yonke i-diaphragm ibeka isiqu se-valve. Ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kunikezwa uma amasignali omoya elawulwa ngokuzenzakalela yisekethe. Ukusebenza kwe-Semi-automatic kunikezwa ukushintshwa kwezandla ku-circuitry kuya kuma-valve okulawula umoya.
Ama-Actuator we-Hydraulic
Ama-actuator asebenzisa i-hydraulic ahlinzeka ngokuma kwevalvu ngokuzenzakalelayo noma okuzenzakalelayo, okufana nama-actuator womoya. Lawa ma-actuator asebenzisa ipiston ukuguqula umfutho wesignali ube ukunyakaza kwe-valve stem. I-Hydraulic fluidis iphakelwa nhlangothi zombili zepiston kuyilapho olunye uhlangothi lukhishwa noma lopha. Amanzi noma uwoyela kusetshenziswa njengoketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi. Ama-valve e-Solenoid ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo koketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi ukuze aqondise ukuvuleka noma ukuvala ivalvu. Amavalvu enziwe ngezandla angasetshenziswa futhi ukulawula uketshezi olusebenzisa amanzi; ngaleyo ndlela inikeza ukusebenza kwe-semi-automatic.
Amavavu Azenzelayo
Ama-valve azishintshayo asebenzisa uketshezi lwesistimu ukubeka i-valve. Amavalvu okusiza, amavalvu okuphepha, amavalvu okuhlola, nezicupho zesitimu ziyizibonelo zamavalvu azishintshayo. Wonke lawa ma-valve asebenzisa isici esithile soketshezi lwesistimu ukucupha i-valve. Awukho umthombo wamandla ngaphandle kwamandla oketshezi lwesistimu odingekayo ekusebenzeni kwala mavalvu.
I-Solenoid Actuated Valves
Amavalvu e-Solenoid actuated ahlinzekela ukuma kwe-valve evulekile okuzenzakalelayo njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ama-valve amaningi ane-solenoid actuated nawo anokukhishwa ngesandla okuvumela ukuma kwe-valve mathupha inqobo nje uma ukukhipha kubekwe ngokuzenzela. I-Solenoid ibeka i-valve ngokuheha i-slug kazibuthe exhunywe esiqwini se-valve. Kuma-valve e-solenoid eyodwa, ukucindezela kwentwasahlobo kusebenza ngokumelene nokunyakaza kwe-slug lapho amandla esetshenziswa ku-solenoid. Lawa ma-valve angahlelwa ngendlela yokuthi amandla e-solenoid avule noma avale i-valve. Lapho amandla ku-solenoid esuswa, intwasahlobo ibuyisela i-valve endaweni ehlukile. Ama-solenoid amabili angasetshenziswa ukuhlinzeka kokubili ukuvula nokuvala ngokusebenzisa amandla ku-solenoid efanele.
Ama-valve e-solenoid eyodwaabizwa ngokuthi ukuhluleka ukuvuleka noma ukuhluleka ukuvala kuye ngokuthi indawo ye-valve ene-solenoid de-energized. Ama-valve e-solenoid ahlulekayo avuliwe avulwa ukucindezela kwentwasahlobo futhi avaliwe ngokunika amandla i-solenoid. Ama-valve e-solenoid ahlulekile avaliwe avaliwe ukucindezela kwentwasahlobo futhi avulwe ngokunika amandla i-solenoid. Ama-valve e-solenoid aphindwe kabili ngokuvamile ahluleka “njengoba enjalo.” Okusho ukuthi, indawo ye-valve ayishintshi lapho womabili ama-solenoid ekhishwa amandla.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamavalvu e-solenoid kusezinhlelweni zomoya njengalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka komoya kuma-actuator amavalvu womoya. Ama-valve e-solenoid asetshenziselwa ukulawula ukunikezwa komoya ku-actuator yomoya futhi ngaleyo ndlela isikhundla se-valve ye-pneumatic actuated.
Isivinini sama-Actuator Amandla
Ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kwezitshalo kunquma isivinini se-valve kuma-valve athile ahlobene nokuphepha. Lapho isistimu kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokushesha noma ivuleke, ukufakwa kwe-valve ngokushesha kuyadingeka. Lapho ukuvulwa kwevalvu kuholela ekujovweni kwamanzi abandayo kusistimu eshisayo, ukuvulwa kancane kuyadingeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukushaqeka okushisayo. Idizayini yobunjiniyela ikhetha i-actuator yamavalvu ahlobene nokuphepha ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zesivinini namandla kanye nokutholakala kwamandla ku-actuator.
Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza okushesha kakhulu kunikezwa ama-hydraulic, pneumatic, kanye nama-solenoid actuators. Kodwa-ke, ama-solenoid awasebenzi kuma-valve amakhulu ngoba ubukhulu bawo kanye nezidingo zamandla zingaba ngokweqile. Futhi, ama-hydraulic actuators kanye ne-pneumatic actuators adinga uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngama-hydraulic noma amandla omoya. Isivinini sokusebenza kunoma yiziphi izimo singasethwa ngokufaka ama-orifices anosayizi ofanele emigqeni ye-hydraulic noma ye-pneumatic. Kwezinye izimo, i-valve ivalwe ukucindezela kwentwasahlobo, okuphikiswa yi-hydraulic noma i-pneumatic pressure ukugcina i-valve ivulekile.
Amamotho kagesi ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okushesha kakhulu. Isivinini sangempela se-valve sisethwa ukuhlanganiswa kwesivinini semoto kanye nesilinganiso segiya. Le nhlanganisela ingakhethwa ukuze inikeze ukuhamba kwe-valve egcwele phakathi kwebanga elisuka cishe imizuzwana emibili ukuya kumasekhondi ambalwa.
I-Valve Position Inkomba
Ama-opharetha adinga izinkomba zokuma kwamavalvu athile ukuze avumele ukusebenza okunolwazi kwesikhungo. Kumavalvu anjalo, inkomba yendawo ye-valve ekude inikezwa ngendlela yezibani zendawo ezibonisa ukuthi ama-valve avuliwe noma avaliwe. Amasekhethi ezinkomba zokuma kwevalvu ekude asebenzisa umtshina wendawo ozwa isiqu nediski noma indawo ye-actuator. Olunye uhlobo lomtshina wesikhundla umshini wokushintsha umkhawulo, osetshenziswa ngokomzimba ukunyakaza kwamavalvu.
Olunye uhlobo amaswishi kazibuthe noma ama-transformer azwa ukunyakaza kwama-cores azo azibuthe, asetshenziswa ngokomzimba ukunyakaza kwama-valve.
Inkomba yendawo yevalvu ibhekisela kwezinye izici ezibonakalayo zevalvu ebonisa ukuma kwevalvu. Ukuma kwe-valve ye-stem kuboniswa ngokuma kwe-stem. Amavalvu e-stem angaphumi kwesinye isikhathi anezikhombi zomshini ezincane ezisetshenziswa i-valve actuator kanyekanye nokusebenza kwamavalvu. Amavalvu acushwe amandla ngokuvamile anesikhombi esiwumshini esinikeza inkomba yendawo yevalvu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanye ama-valve awanazo izici zokubonisa indawo.
Isifinyezo se-Valve Actuators
- Ama-actuator mathupha wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwama-valve actuators. Ama-actuator enziwa ngesandla ahlanganisa amasondo ezandla axhunywe esiqwini se-valve ngokuqondile namasondo ezandla axhunywe ngamagiya ukuze anikeze inzuzo yomshini.
- Ama-actuator enjini kagesi ahlanganisa amamotho kagesi ahlehlayo axhunywe esiqwini se-valve ngesitimela segiya esinciphisa isivinini sokujikeleza futhi sinyuse i-torque.
- Ama-actuator omoya asebenzisa umfutho womoya ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili ze-diaphragm ukuze anikeze amandla okubeka i-valve.
- Ama-actuator asebenzisa uketshezi olucindezelwe ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili zepiston ukuze anikeze amandla adingekayo ukuze kumiswe ivalvu.
- Ama-actuator e-Solenoid ane-slug kazibuthe exhunywe esiqwini se-valve. Amandla okubeka i-valve avela ekukhangweni kazibuthe phakathi kwe-slug esiqwini se-valve kanye nekhoyili kazibuthe kagesi ku-actuator ye-valve.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-18-2020