Izinhlobo ze-Flange

Njengoba sekushiwo ngaphambili, izinhlobo ze-flange ezisetshenziswa kakhulu i-ASME B16.5 yilezi: I-Welding Neck, i-Slip On, i-Socket Weld, i-Lap Joint, i-Threaded ne-Blind flange. Ngezansi uzothola incazelo emfushane nencazelo yohlobo ngalunye, olugcwaliswe ngesithombe esinemininingwane.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-flange

Welding Intamo flange

Ama-Welding Neck Flanges kulula ukuwabona kuhabhu ende ene-tapered, ehamba kancane kancane iye phezulu kugqinsi olusuka epayipini noma okokufaka.

Ihabhu ende ene-tapered ihlinzeka ngokuqiniswa okubalulekile okuzosetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezimbalwa ezifaka umfutho ophezulu, i-sub-zero kanye / noma amazinga okushisa aphakeme. Ushintsho olubushelelezi olusuka kugqinsi lwe-flange luye kwipayipi noma ukujiya kodonga olufanelekile olwenziwe yi-taper kunenzuzo kakhulu, ngaphansi kwezimo zokugoba okuphindaphindiwe, okubangelwa ukunwetshwa komugqa noma amanye amandla aguquguqukayo.

Lawa ma-flange anesithukuthezi ukuze afane nobubanzi bangaphakathi bepayipi lokukhwelana noma ukuhlanganisa ngakho ngeke kube nomkhawulo wokugeleza komkhiqizo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuxokozela ejoyintini futhi kunciphisa ukuguguleka. Ziphinde zinikeze ukusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi okuhle kakhulu ngehabhu elicishiwe futhi zenziwe nge-radiograph kalula ukuze kutholwe amaphutha.

Lolu hlobo lwe-flange luzoshiselwa epayipini noma lufakwe ngokungena okukodwa okugcwele, i-V weld (Buttweld).

Slip On flange

Amandla abaliwe avela ku-Slip On flange ngaphansi kwengcindezi yangaphakathi ayi-oda lezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ze-Welding Neck flanges, futhi ukuphila kwabo ngaphansi kokukhathala cishe kuyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamuva.

Ukuxhumana nepayipi kwenziwa nge-2 fillet welds, nangaphandle nangaphakathi kwe-flange.

Isilinganiso esingu-X esithombeni, cishe:
Ubukhulu bodonga lwepayipi + 3 mm.

Lesi sikhala siyadingeka, ukuze ungalimazi ubuso be-flange, ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela.

Ububi be-flange ukuthi, leso simiso ngaso sonke isikhathi okokuqala ipayipi kufanele lishiselwe bese liyalingana. Inhlanganisela ye-flange nendololwane noma i-flange ne-tee ayinakwenzeka, ngenxa yokuthi izifakelo eziqanjwe igama azinawo umkhawulo oqondile, leso silayidi esiphelele ku-Slip On flange.

I-Socket Weld flange

Ama-Socket Weld flange aqale athuthukiswa ukuze asetshenziswe kumapayipi amancane anomfutho ophezulu. Amandla azo amile alingana nama-Slip On flanges, kodwa amandla awo okukhathala amakhulu ngo-50% kunama-flange ashiselwe kabili we-Slip On.

Ukuxhumana nepayipi kwenziwa nge-1 fillet weld, ngaphandle kwe-flange. Kodwa ngaphambi kokushisela, kufanele kudalwe isikhala phakathi kwe-flange noma i-fitting kanye nepayipi.

ASME B31.1 1998 127.3 Ukulungiselela Ukushisela (E) Socket Weld Assembly uthi:
Ekuhlanganisweni kwejoyinti ngaphambi kokushisela, ipayipi noma ishubhu kufanele ifakwe esokhethini ifinyelele ekujuleni okuphezulu bese ihoxiswa cishe ngo-1/16" (1.6 mm) kude nokuxhumana phakathi kokuphela kwepayipi nehlombe lesokhethi.

Inhloso yokucaciswa kwe-bottom ku-Socket Weld imvamisa ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka okuyinsalela empandeni ye-weld engenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqiniswa kwensimbi yokushisela. Isithombe sikubonisa isilinganiso esingu-X segebe lokunwetshwa.

Ububi bale flange bulungile igebe, okumele lenziwe. Ngemikhiqizo egqwalayo, futhi ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, ukuqhekeka phakathi kwepayipi ne-flange kunganikeza izinkinga zokugqwala. Kwezinye izinqubo le flange nayo ayivunyelwe. Angiyena uchwepheshe kule ndaba, kodwa ku-inthanethi, uzothola ulwazi oluningi mayelana nezinhlobo zokugqwala.

Futhi kulokhu kubalwa kwe-flange, leso simiso ngaso sonke isikhathi okokuqala ipayipi kufanele lishiselwe bese lifakwa nje.

I-Lap Joint flange

I-Lap Joint Flanges inobukhulu obufanayo obufanayo njenganoma iyiphi enye i-flange eqanjwe kuleli khasi kodwa ayinabo ubuso obuphakanyisiwe, isetshenziswe ngokuhambisana ne-"Lap Joint Stub End".

Lawa ma-flange acishe afane ne-Slip On flange ngaphandle kwerediyasi empambanweni yobuso be-flange kanye ne-bore ukuze kuhlaliswe ingxenye evulekile ye-Stub End.

Ikhono labo lokubamba ingcindezi lincane, uma likhona, lingcono kunalelo le-Slip On flanges nempilo yokukhathala yomhlangano iyingxenye yeshumi kuphela ye-Welding Neck flanges.

Angase asetshenziswe kukho konke ukucindezela futhi atholakala ngosayizi ogcwele. Lawa ma-flange ashibilika phezu kwepayipi, futhi awashiceleli noma aboshwe ngenye indlela kuwo. Ukucindezela kwe-bolting kudluliselwa ku-gasket ngokucindezela kwe-flange ngemuva kwethango lepayipi (I-Stub End).

Ama-Lap Joint flange anezinzuzo ezithile ezikhethekile:

• Inkululeko yokuzulazula eduze kwepayipi isiza ukwakheka kwezimbobo zebhawudi ze-flange eziphikisanayo.
• Ukungaxhumani noketshezi olusepayipini ngokuvamile kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamaflange ensimbi ekhabhoni angabizi anepayipi elimelana nokugqwala.
• Ezinhlelweni eziguguleka noma ezigqwalile ngokushesha, ama-flange angase ahlengwe ukuze aphinde asetshenziswe.

I-Stub End

I-Stub End izosetshenziswa njalo nge-Lap Joint flange, njenge-flange esekelayo.

Lokhu kuxhunywa kwe-flange kusetshenziswa, kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinengcindezi ephansi futhi ezingabalulekile, futhi kuyindlela eshibhile yokufaka i-flanging.
Kuhlelo lwepayipi yensimbi engagqwali, isibonelo, i-carbon steel flange ingasetshenziswa, ngoba ayihlangene nomkhiqizo wepayipi.

I-Stub Ends iyatholakala cishe kuwo wonke ama-diameter amapayipi. Ubukhulu nokubekezelela kobukhulu kuchazwa kuzinga le-ASME B.16.9. I-Stub Ends (izifakelo) ezimelana nokugqwala okuqinile zichazwa ku-MSS SP43.

I-flange enentambo

AmaFlange anemicu asetshenziselwa izimo ezikhethekile ngenzuzo yawo eyinhloko ukuthi angaxhunywa kwipayipi ngaphandle kokushisela. Kwesinye isikhathi i-seal weld ibuye isetshenziswe ngokuhambisana nokuxhuma okufakwe imicu.

Nakuba kusatholakala ngosayizi abaningi nezilinganiso zokucindezela, ukufakwa kwezikulufi namuhla kusetshenziswa cishe ngokukhethekile kumasayizi amapayipi amancane.

I-flange ene-threaded noma i-fitting ayifanele isistimu yepayipi enezindonga ezincane, ngoba ukusika intambo embhobho akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukujiya kodonga kufanele kukhethwe…yini ugqinsi?

I-ASME B31.3 Piping Guide ithi:
Lapho ipayipi lensimbi licutshungulwa futhi lisetshenziselwa isevisi yesitimu engaphezu kuka-250 psi noma isevisi yamanzi ngaphezu kuka-100 psi namazinga okushisa amanzi angaphezu kuka-220° F, ipayipi ngeke likwazi ukufinyeleleka futhi libe nogqinsi okungenani olulingana neshejuli engu-80 ye-ASME B36.10.

I-flange eyimpumputhe

Ama-Blind Flanges akhiqizwa ngaphandle kokubhoboza futhi asetshenziselwa ukuvala iziphetho zamapayipi, ama-Valves kanye nokuvuleka kwemikhumbi yokucindezela.

Ngokombono wokucindezela kwangaphakathi nokulayishwa kwe-bolt, ama-flange ayimpumputhe, ikakhulukazi kumasayizi amakhulu, yizinhlobo ze-flange ezigcizelelwe kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, iningi lalezi zingcindezi ziyizinhlobo zokugoba eduze nendawo, futhi njengoba kungekho ububanzi obujwayelekile bangaphakathi, lawa ma-flange afanele izicelo zokushisa eziphakeme.