Flanges General

I-flange iyindlela yokuxhuma amapayipi, ama-valve, amaphampu nezinye izinto zokwakha uhlelo lwamapayipi. Iphinde inikeze ukufinyelela okulula kokuhlanza, ukuhlolwa noma ukuguqulwa. Ama-flange ngokuvamile ashiselwe noma aphihliwe. Amalunga ane-flanged enziwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-flange amabili nge-gasket phakathi kwawo ukuze anikeze uphawu.

Izinto zeFlanges

Amapayipi amapayipi akhiwe ngazo zonke izinto ezahlukene njengensimbi engagqwali, insimbi ewukhonkolo, i-aluminium, ithusi, ithusi, ipulasitiki njll.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-flanges, afana nokufakwa namapayipi, ngezinhloso ezithile ngezinye izikhathi ngaphakathi afakwe izingqimba zekhwalithi ehluke ngokuphelele njengama-flanges ngokwawo, "ama-flanges afakwe umugqa".

Impahla ye-flange, ngokuyisisekelo isethwe ngesikhathi sokukhethwa kwepayipi, ezimweni eziningi, i-flange iyinto efanayo nepayipi.

Wonke ama-flange, okuxoxwe ngawo kule webhusayithi awela ngaphansi kwamazinga e-ASME en ASTM, ngaphandle uma kuboniswe ngenye indlela. I-ASME B16.5 ichaza ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kobukhulu njll. kanye ne-ASTM ngezimfanelo zezinto ezibonakalayo ezihlukene.

Ubukhulu be-Flanges

I-flange ngayinye ye-ASME B16.5 inenombolo yobukhulu obujwayelekile. Uma umdwebi odwetshiwe e-Japan noma umlungiseleli womsebenzi e-Canada noma i-pipefitter e-Australia ekhuluma nge-Welding Neck flange NPS 6, Class 150, Shedule 40 ASME B16.5, bese yeqa i-flange eboniswa esithombeni esingezansi. .

Uma i-flange i-odiwe, umphakeli ufuna ukwazi ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo. Isibonelo i-ASTM A105 iyi-flange ye-carbon steel flange, kuyilapho i-A182 iyi-flange yensimbi engenasici.

Ngakho, ngendlela efanele umphakeli kufanele kucaciswe izindinganiso ezimbili:

Izixhumanisi ze-Flange eziboshiwe

Uxhumano lwe-flange oluboshiwe luyinhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yezinto eziningi (i-Flange, ama-Bolts, ama-Gaskets, Inqubo, izinga lokushisa, i-Pressure, Medium). Zonke lezi zici ezihlukahlukene zihlobene futhi zincike kwenye ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela oyimpumelelo.
Ukuthembeka kwejoyinti eline-flang kuncike kakhulu ekulawuleni okunekhono kwenqubo yokwenza ngokuhlanganyela.

Sicaphuna encwadini ka-John H. Bickford, “Isingeniso Sokuklama Nokuziphatha Kwamalunga Aboshiwe”:
Ukuthi wonke amandla okubamba abalulekile abamba ilunga ndawonye - futhi ngaphandle kwalokho bekungeke kube khona ukujoyina - awadalwa umklami ohlangene omuhle, noma izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu. Idalwe umakhenikha esizeni somsebenzi, esebenzisa amathuluzi, izinqubo, nezimo zokusebenza esimnikeze zona… Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho: Umdali wokugcina, obalulekile wamandla umakhenikha, futhi isikhathi sokudala siphakathi nokuhlanganisa. Ngakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqonde le nqubo.

Imboni iye yabona isimo esibucayi sokufakwa nokuhlanganisa iminyaka eminingana.
E-Europe, kugcizelelwe ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukwenza ngokuhlanganyela kwenziwa ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe nabagunyaziwe futhi lokhu kuholele ekushicilelweni kwezinga le-European Technical: TS EN 1591 Ingxenye 4 enesihloko esithi “Flanges kanye namalunga awo. Imithetho yokuklama yokuxhumana okuyisiyingi okuyindilinga. Ukufaneleka kwekhono labasebenzi ekuhlanganisweni kwamajoyinti afakwe umshudo afakwe emishinini engaphansi kwe-Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)”.

Izinga lihlinzeka ngendlela yokuqeqeshwa nokuhlolwa kochwepheshe abathintekayo ekwenziweni nasekuphuleni amalunga e-flange futhi kungabhekwa njengokufana nokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo kubashiseli abathintekayo emsebenzini wemikhumbi yokucindezela. Ukushicilelwa kwayo kubonisa ukubaluleka okubekwe phezu kokulawula okunekhono kwenqubo yokwenza ngokuhlanganyela ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okungavuziyo kusuka ku-flange.

I-gasket ingesinye sezizathu eziningi zokuthi uxhumano oluhlangene lwe-bolted flange lungavuza.
Ngisho nalapho zonke izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlobene phakathi kokuxhuma okuhlanganisiwe kwe-flange eboshiwe zisebenza ngokuvumelana okuphelele, into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu eholela empumelelweni noma ekuhlulekeni kwalokho kuxhunywa kwe-flange eboshiwe izonakwa ekufakweni okufanele kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanganisa ngumuntu ofaka i-gasket. . Uma kwenziwa kahle, umhlangano uzohlala ungavuzi esikhathini esilindelekile sempilo.